2011年高考作文材料共包含15篇文章,内容涵盖了各个方面的社会热点和学术问题。这些材料涉及教育、环境、文化、科技等多个领域,为考生提供了广泛的素材和观点。通过阅读这些文章,考生可以更好地了解当时社会的风貌和人们的关注焦点,从而更好地准备自己的作文。
第一篇
周末,我回到了“阔别”三月的家。
天下高三一般忙,周六不休息,周日休半天。春节后,我再没回过家。家在百里之外的深山里,回家一趟不容易。再过几天就要高考了,学校放了两天假,让学生放松一下,以待最后一搏。同学们归心似箭,周末一放学,顿“作鸟兽散”。
我坐在长途班车上,恨不得汽车飞起来;一下车,步履匆匆地踏上一条羊肠路,走五六分钟,就可以看见半山腰上的“土坯房”了。
那土坯房,就是我的家。我家五口人一直住在那间老屋里。三十多年的风霜雨雪,把它剥蚀得满目疮痍。这些年,富起来的农民越来越多,漂亮的“小洋楼”鳞次栉比,把山村点缀得如同别墅区一般富丽堂皇。渐渐地,我家的老屋竟成了村里最后一座土坯房,丑陋无比,有碍观瞻。我家又是山村的制高点,这样就有点滑稽,成了“鸡立鹤群”。奇怪的是,父亲是挣钱的好把式,干活不惜力气,又有技术,但父亲就是迟迟不盖新房。乡亲们说父亲是个守财奴,舍不得花钱。听到这些善意的挖苦,手巧口拙的父亲付之一笑,啥话也不说。我也不理解,早几年负担重,风烛残年的爷爷奶奶常看病,现在日子好过了,父亲还是按兵不动,真不知他葫芦里装的什么药。
转过一道弯,奇迹出现了——土坯房竟然消失了,代之而起的是一座“小洋楼”,雪白的墙体,蓝色的屋顶,在夕阳下熠熠生辉……
我先是目瞪口呆,继而惊喜地往家跑,顾不得“窈窕淑女”的形象,像个野小子。
三月不见,家人亲热得不行,父母弟妹围上来,这个说我胖了,那个说我廋了,这个说我白了,那个说我黑了。我应付几句,赶紧屋里屋外看新房。
这是一座两层小楼。外墙贴着洁白的瓷砖,崭新如洗;室内装修简洁而美观,地板光可鉴人,天花板上悬挂着华美的灯饰,雍容典雅……母亲一边陪我参观一边说:“你爸早就想盖房了,可盖房子动静大,怕影响你学习,咱上高中图啥呢?不就是图考上大学吗?……你三个月不回家,你爸就趁这个机会动工了,他不让对你说,怕你读书不安心,老想着回家帮忙。”
是啊,家里大兴土木,谁都不得安宁。父亲口齿木讷却心细如发。我心头涌起一股暖流,弥漫到全身,不由得往父亲怀里钻,脑袋在那宽厚的胸口上贴了好久,像在聆听父亲的心跳。
夜晚,我躺在舒适的席梦思床上,浮想联翩。随着我家新楼的竣工,村里最后一座土坯房成了历史的陈迹。一滴水可以反射太阳的光辉,我家是亿万中国农民家庭的缩影。试看今日之中国,像我家这样的农民家庭不知有多少。他们的生活发生了巨变,与新时期以前的农民不可同日而语……
想着,想着,我眼前出现了幻觉——
在学校举行的才艺选拔大赛上,我声情并茂地唱了两支歌后,主持人考我一个老气横秋的问题:“改革开放以来,中国富强了,请你用一句话概括中国经济发展的特点。”
我不假思索地回答:“亿万农民过上了小康生活,这就是中国经济发展的特点!”
哗,台下响起暴风雨般的掌声……
第二篇
高考作文点评:高考材料作文要给学生思辨和表达空间
2016年全国高考,全国共有940万名考生走进考场。随着首门语文科目考试的结束,各省市区高考作文题目全部公布,并在网络上引发热议。
由于今年使用全国卷的省份增加,不同省区的高考作文题相比去年大幅减少,除3套全国卷作文题外,还有北京、上海、浙江、江苏、天津、山东有本省的高考作文题。而与往年一样的是,今年不论是全国卷,还是地方卷,都继续采用材料作文命题方式。
分析全国和地方高考作文卷,除北京大作文之一——请以“‘老腔’何以令人震撼”为题,写一篇议论文——关注传统文化之外,其他的作文题,与现实生活都比较贴近,如上海的“评价他人的生活”,浙江的“虚拟与现实”,关注是互联网时代新的社会变化、人际关系变化和和生活变化;全国卷1的根据漫画材料作文,全国卷2的“语文修养”、天津的“我的青春阅读”和北京的另一个大作文——“神奇的书签”,直接和学生的考试成绩、语文学习、阅读体验有关。全国卷3则选择一个更为具体的创业故事为题。
对此,有人认为北京的作文题很好,重视传统文化,也有人认为这道题很难,让北京学生去写不那么熟悉的“老腔”,很难写好,不如2014年的“老北京的规矩“作文题。其实,对于材料作文而言,一道好的材料作文题,主要看其是否给考生较大的思辨空间和表达空间,不管是用传统文化入题,还是结合现实生活,都应该以材料是否给学生较大的思辨和表达空间来进行评价。北京的大作文是二选一,一道以传统文化入题,另一道谈阅读和学习,因此,没有传统文化入题就好,结合现实就不好的问题,反之亦然。高考作文题,不是历史题,也不是科技题、政治题,考察的不是学生的历史知识、科技知识和时事新闻,而是学生的思辨和表达,因此关键在于题目是否适合考生思辨和表达。这也正是出多个作文题,供学生自主选择的好处,学生可以选择更能反映自己思辨能力和表达能力的题目。
从这一角度说,今年上海、浙江、江苏的材料作文都给考生较大的思辨空间,尤其是上海的作文题,很多考生对这一话题,应该都有自己的感悟,而命题也没有限制学生的观点,允许学生可自由表达自己的不同意见。全国卷1的漫画材料,也是不错的题目,现实中,学生也都有这样的经历,考得好的时候,家长表扬,考得不好,哪怕低一分也会被批评,从这组漫画中,学生可以谈进步和退步,可以谈绝对与相对,还可以谈应试教育环境扭曲的分数观念,当然,考生在写作时,很可能还会“猜测”命题者的意图,而不是我笔写我心。
相对来说,另一些材料作文,还是有比较的强的“主题先行”意味,限制了学生的思辨空间,比如“我的青春阅读”,题目颇有文采:“你可以借助多媒体技术,“悦读”有形有色、有声有像的中外名着;你也可以继续手捧传统的纸质书本,享受在墨海书香中与古圣今贤对话的乐趣……当代青年渴求新知,眼界开阔,个性鲜明,在阅读方式的选择上不拘一格”,在此题目下,学生很可能写出千篇一律的心灵鸡汤文字,如果同样以阅读为题,完全可以针对目前我国的快餐化阅读、成人读书少等现实问题,让学生思考,谈自己对阅读的看法。
高考材料作文的改革,已有多年,这一改革还将继续推进,以此引导中学语文教学,培养学生的思考与表达能力,因此,对于材料作文命题还要深入研究,要摆脱长期来的主题先行的命题作文思维影响,给学生更具思辨性的材料。另外,北京给学生多个作文题,让学生三选一、二选一这样的命题方式应在全国卷和地方卷中推广,这样可增加学生的选择权,由学生自主选择擅长的材料作文。
第三篇
江苏南京:2013年高考很可能考“新材料作文”
本报“微信助考”的第一站话题,是关于高考语文的复习冲刺。金陵中学高三语文教师王奎礼在线为考生答疑。
在下午4:00-5:00的一个小时里,许多读者通过微信向“金陵晚报”提问,王奎礼老师一一耐心解答。
对于许多考生关心的高考作文命题趋势,王奎礼分析道:今年江苏高考作文命题形式可能会发生变化。
近几年江苏高考语文卷的作文题《好奇心》、《品味时尚》、《忧与爱》都属于命题作文。今年可能会发生变化,很可能会跟全国大部分省市的作文命题形式一致起来,也考新材料作文。这就需要考生在写作文时,要特别注意文章题目的命制,“好的文章题目会给阅卷老师很好的印象。第一印象好了,作文分数也许就会高得多了。”以下是微信答疑实录。
城南:请问高考作文最后阶段该如何准备?今年还是考话题作文吗?
答:首先要基本确定好,自己高考作文时写什么样体裁的文章,确定了文体之后,在平常就多注意研究这类体裁文章的写作。这里包括,多研究别人的这类考场作文的写作技巧,以便借鉴。自己在借鉴别人文章的基础上,经常研习这类文体的写作,已达到驾轻就熟的地步。
高三作文练习主要解决好三个方面的问题。一是审题,二是立意,三是谋篇布局。这不是说其他方面不重要,只是这三个方面,如果不落实到位,很可能就会使自己的写作不能正常发挥。
HOND:您好,今年的语文高考作文,是否倾向于自主命题?
答:你说的自主命题,有两种理解。一种是江苏省自己命制2013年的高考语文试卷,这个从2003年就开始了。估计今年不会有什么新的变化。还有一种理解,我想你是不是指,考生自己命制作文的题目,也就是目前比较流行的所谓“新材料作文”,新材料作文是给考生一段或者几段材料,让考生阅读后按照要求作文。这时,命题老师可以给定考生作文标题,这其实是变相的命题作文。还有一种,命题老师不给定作文标题,让考生自拟题目。就目前掌握到的信息看,估计今年会是后一种形式。也就是考生阅读材料,自拟题目写一篇作文。
abracadabra:关于作文素材,怎么积累搜索?江苏南京:2013年高考很可能考“新材料作文”
答:第一,多关注自己身边的人和事,关注你生活的这个学校、这个社会、这个国家,乃至这个世界所发生的事。第二,也可以从一些作文素材的集子上,获得一些作文素材。需要注意的是,积累素材不只是记忆,更要注意对那些素材里的人和事,进行深入的思考。
木林森:我想问下高考还有一个多月怎样才能提高作文水平,要做一些什么训练?
答:准确地说,剩下的一个多月是不能真正提高写作水平的。但是,考生对作文写作也不是不可作为的。通过努力,还是可以提高考场作文的分数的。我认为,剩下来的一个月里。要提高作文分数,得注意做好以下几个方面的训练。
第一,针对自己以前一段时间写作上的薄弱点,强化训练。
第二,多注意训练训练审题、立意和构思。
第三,有针对性的,去积累一些考场上得高分的作文的写作技巧和方法,并学着在自己写作的过程中,尝试着运用。
第四,如果是新材料作文,除了和其他类型的作文类型一样,要注意开头和结尾部分的写作,以及文章思路的构建,另外要特别注意文章题目的命制,因为好的文章题目会给阅卷老师很好的印象。第一印象好了,作文分数也许就会高得多了。
HOND:请问今年高考名著类考题,有什么方向性?江苏南京:2013年高考很可能考“新材料作文”
答:首先,我要对你说,高考备考一定要全面准备,不能有侥幸心理,至于说到名著考题的方向性问题,我只想提醒你,今年新加了老舍的《茶馆》,应该引起足够的重视。其余的,一切按部就班复习就好。
宁海星星:高考文科语文的160+40部分的40分是否全部是语文的课外知识呢?
答:整份语文试卷,考课内知识的,大概就是名句、名篇背诵、默写那儿的,其余的都是着重考查学生的语文能力和语文素养。
阳光男孩:阅读理解考题,占分比例会有什么变化吗?
答:就目前掌握的信息看,今年阅读理解部分的分值比例,估计不会有什么变化。一般来讲,这方面的变化,会在公布《考试说明》时,一并写在考试说明里的。
曾小曾:你好,请问这几年高考作文的命题有什么特点啊?
答:江苏自主命题以后,一开始跟全国作文命题的大趋势基本一致,考的是话题作文,最近几年由话题作文转到了命题作文,而最近几年全国大部分省市的高考作文命题都是考的新材料作文。估计今年很可能会跟全国大部分省市的作文命题形式一致起来,也考新材料作文。江苏南京:2013年高考很可能考“新材料作文”
第四篇
高考材料作文“选择,永远都是令人遗憾的”立意指导
阅读下面的材料,根据要求写一篇不少于800字的文章。
有位旅客在一个小站下了火车。他向站长问道:“听说此地有两家旅馆,请问我住哪家旅馆好些?”“实话告诉你,”站长说,“不论你去哪家,你都会后悔没有去另外一家旅馆。”站长的幽默,旨在说明两家旅馆都很差,可无意中却泄露了天机:选择,永远都是令人遗憾的。
要求选好角度,确定立意,明确文体,自拟标题;不要脱离材料内容及含意的范围作文,不要套作,不得抄袭。
【思路拓展】
材料核心句是“选择,永远都是令人遗憾的”,也就是说,人在面临选择时,无论怎样取舍,总有不称心、不满意的地方,总会有或多或少的遗憾。如果进一步引申,还可考虑如下几种立意:
1.人不能过于追求完美,而要学会知足常乐;
2.一件事的最终结果,不是你选择出来的,而是你选择以后做出来的;
3.人在无所适从的时候,选择顺其本性,也许不失为聪明之举;
4.选择自己喜欢的,喜欢自己选择的(即爱我所有,无怨无悔)。
第五篇
仔细阅读下面这篇短文,联系自己的实际情况,写一篇读后感。要求做到:
(1)观点正确,中心思想明确,紧扣原文发表感想,联系自己的事例要具体、恰当。
(2)结构完整,段落层次清楚,语言通顺,标点正确,不写错别字。
(3)注意书写格式,每个字占稿纸一格,每标点也占一格。字数最多不得超过一千字,否则扣分。
(4)字迹清楚,卷面整洁,否则扣分。注意:本题要求写读后感,如果根据原文改写或扩写,则不给分。用诗歌形式写也不给分。
画蛋
达?芬奇(公元1452-1519年)是欧洲文艺复兴时期意大利一位卓越的画家。他从小爱好绘画,父亲送他到当时意大利的名城佛罗伦萨,拜名画家佛罗基奥为师。老师不是先教他创作什么作品,而是要他从画蛋入手。他画了一个又一个,足足画了十几天。老师见他有些不耐烦了,对他说:不要以为画蛋容易。要知道,一千个蛋当中从来没有两个是形状完全相同的;即使是同一个蛋,只要变换一下角度去看,形状也就不同了。比方说,把头抬高一点看,或者把眼睛放低一点看,这个蛋的椭圆形轮廓就会有差异。所以,要在画纸上把它完善地表现出来,非得下一番苦功不可。佛罗基奥还说:反复地练习画蛋,就是严格训练用眼睛细致地观察形象,用手准确地描绘形象;做到手眼一致,不论画什么就都能得心应手了。后来芬奇用心学习素描,经过长期的艰苦的艺术实践,终于创作出许多不朽的名画,成为一代宗师。
作文题:读《画蛋》有感
第六篇
细续下面这篇文章,把它改写成一篇“陈伊玲的故事”。要求做到:
1.按原文内容写一篇以陈伊玲为中心的记叙文,不要另外编造情节,不要写成《第二次考试》的缩写,否则扣分。如写成诗歌、读后感之类,均不给分。
2.要有明确的中心思想;注意材料的剪裁和组织。
3.层次清楚,结构完整。
4.语言通顺,标点正确,不写错别字。
5.字数以六七百字为好,最多不得超过八百字(包括标点),否则扣分。
6.注意书写格式,每个字占稿纸一格,每个标点也占一格。
第二次考试
声乐专家苏林教授发现了一件奇怪的事情:在这次参加考试的二百多名考生中,有一个二十岁的女生陈伊玲,初试时的成绩十分优异,声乐、视唱、练耳和乐理都列入优等;尤其是她的音色美丽、音域宽广,令人赞叹。而复试时却使人大失所望。苏林教授一生桃李满天下,但这样年轻而又有才华的学生还是第一个,这样的事情也还是第一次碰到。
那次公开的考试是在一间古色古香的大厅里举行的。当陈伊玲镇静地站在考试委员会的几位声乐专家面前,唱完了冼星海的那支有名的《二月里来》时,专家们不由得互相递了递赞赏的眼色。按照规定,应试者还要唱一支外国歌曲,她唱的是意大利歌剧《蝴蝶夫人》中的咏叹调《有一个良辰佳日》。她那灿烂的音色和深沉的感情惊动了四座。一向以要求严格闻名的苏林教授也颔首赞许,在他严峻的眼光里,隐藏着一丝微笑。大家都注视着陈伊玲:嫩绿色的绒线上衣,咖啡色的西裤,宛如春天早晨一株亭亭玉立的小树。在众目睽睽下,这个本来从容自若的姑娘也不禁有点困惑了。
复试是在一星期后举行的。录取与否取决于此。它将决定一个人的终身事业。经过初试这一关,剩下的人现在已寥寥无几,而复试将在更加严格的要求下进行,本市有名的音乐界人士都到了。这些考试委员和旁听者在评选时几乎都带着苛刻的挑剔神气。但是大家都认为,如果合乎录取条件的一个人,那么这人无疑应该是陈伊玲。
谁知道事情却出乎意料之外。陈伊玲是参加复试的最后一个人,唱的还是那两支歌,可是声音发涩,毫无光彩,听起来前后判若两人。是因为怯场、心慌,还是由于身体不适,影响声音?人们甚至怀疑到她的生活作风是否有不够慎重的地方!在座的人面面相觑,大家带着询问和疑惑的眼光望着她。虽然她掩饰不住脸上的困倦,一双聪颖的眼睛显得黯然无神,那顽皮的嘴角也流露出一种无法诉说的焦急,可是就整个看来,她是明朗、坦率的,可以使人信任的。她抱歉地对大家笑笑,飘然走了。
苏林教授显然是大为生气了。他一向认为,要做一个真正为人民所爱戴的艺术家,首先要是一个高尚的人,一个各方面都能成为表率的人!这样一个自暴自弃的女孩子,是永远也不能成为有成就的歌唱家的!他生气地侧过头去望着窗外。这个城市刚刚受到一次严重的台风袭击,窗外断枝残叶狼藉满地,整排竹篱倾倒在满是积水的地上,一片惨淡的景象。
考试委员会对陈伊玲有两种意见:一种认为陈伊玲的声音极不稳定、扎实,很难造就;另一种则认为可以让她再试一次。苏林教授有他自己的看法,他觉得重要的是造成他先后两次声音悬殊的根本原因是什么。如果问题在于她对事业和生活的态度,尽管禀赋再好,也不能录取她!这是一切条件中的首要条件!
可是究竟是什么原因呢?
苏林教授从秘书那里取来陈伊玲的报名单,在填着地址的那一栏上,他用红铅笔画了一条粗线。表格上的那张报名照片是一张朝气蓬勃、逗人喜欢的脸,小而好看的嘴,明快单纯的眼睛,笑起来鼻翼稍稍皱起的鼻子,这一切都像是在提醒这位声乐专家,不能用任何简单的方式对待一个人――一个有活力、有思想、有感情的人。至少眼前这个姑娘的某些具体情况是这张简单的表格上所看不到的。如果这一次落选了,也许这个人终其一生就和音乐分手了。她的天才可能从此就被埋没。情况如果是这样,那他是绝对不能原谅自己的。
第二天,苏林教授乘早上第一班电车出发,根据报名单上的地址,好容易找到了杨树浦的那条偏僻的马路。他进了弄堂,不由得吃了一惊。
那弄堂里有些墙垣都已倾塌,烧焦的梁柱呈现一片可怕的黑色,断瓦残垣中间时或露出焦黄的破布碎片,所有这些说明了这条弄堂不仅受到了台风破坏,而且显然发生过火灾。就在这瓦砾场上,有些人大清早就在忙碌着清理什么。
苏林教授手持纸条,不知从何处找起,忽然听见对面的楼窗口,有一个孩子有事没事地张口唱着:
“咪――咿――咿――咿――,吗――啊――啊――啊――”仿佛歌唱家在练声似的。苏林教授不禁微笑了:“这准是她的家!”他猜对了,那孩子敢情就是陈伊玲的弟弟。
从孩子嘴里知道:他姐姐是个转业军人,从文工团回来的,到了上海被分配在工厂里担任行政工作,她是个共青团员,又积极又热心,不管厂里也好,里弄里也好,有事找陈伊玲准没有错!两三天前,这里因为台风造成电线走火,烧坏了不少房子。陈伊玲为了安置灾民,忙得整夜没睡,影响了嗓子。第二天刚好是她复试的日子,她说了声:“糟糕!”还是去参加考试了。
这就是全部经过。
“瞧,她还在那儿忙着哪!”孩子向窗外扬了扬手说:“我叫她!我去叫她!”
“不用了。请转告你姐姐,她的第二次考试已经录取了!”
苏林教授从陈伊玲家里出来,走得很快。他心里想着:这个女孩子完全有条件成为一个优秀的歌唱家,我几乎犯了一个错误!这天早晨,有什么使人感动的东西充溢在他胸口,他想赶紧回去把陈伊玲的故事告诉每一个人。
(何为原作,有改动。)
作文题:陈伊玲的故事
第七篇
作文题: 读《毁树容易种树难》
仔细阅读下边这篇短文,写一篇读后感。要求做到:
1.观点正确,中心思想正确,紧扣原文发表感想,联系实际具体、恰当。
2.结构完整,段落层次清楚,语言通顺,标点正确,不写错别字。
3.注意书写格式,每个字占稿纸一格,标点写在格内。字数不要超过一千字。
4.字迹清楚,卷面整洁,否则扣分。
注意:本题要求写读后感,如果根据原文改写或扩写,则不给分。用诗歌形式写也不给分。
毁树容易种树难
杨树横着种可以活,倒着种也可以活,折断它再种仍然可以活。
可是,十个人种杨树,只要有一个人毁它,就没有一棵活杨树了。
种树的有十人之多,种的又是很容易活的杨树,却经不住一个人毁它。原因是什么?毁树容易种树难。
第八篇
高考真题2016年高考天津卷英语试题(含答案)
资料概述与简介
绝密★启用前
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)
英语 笔试
本试卷分为第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分,共130分,考试用时100分钟。第I卷1至10页。第II卷11至12页。
答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名,准考号填写在答题卡上,并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码,答卷时,考生务必将答案写在答题卡上,答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
祝各位考生考试顺利!
第I 卷
注意事项:
1. 每小题选出答案后,用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如果改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
2. 本卷共55小题,共95分。
第一部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节:单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
例:Stand over there_____ you’ll be able to see it better.
A. or B. and C. but D. while
答案是B。
1. ---It was a wonderful trip. So, which city did you like better, Paris or Rome?
---______. There were good things and bad things about them.
A. It’s hard to say B. I didn’t get it
C. You must be kidding D. Couldn’t be better
2. The dictionary is ______: many words have been added to the language since it was published.
A. out of control B. out of date C. out of sight D. out of reach
3. When walking down the street, I came across David, when I _____ for years.
A. didn’t see B. haven’t seen C. hadn’t seen D. wouldn’t see
4. The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, ____ air conditioning unnecessary.
A. making B. to make C. made D. being made
5. It was really annoying; I _____ get access to the data bank you had recommended.
A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
6. ---I’m thinking of going back to school to get another degree.
---Sounds great!_____.
A. It all depends B. Go for it C. Never mind D. No wonder
7. ______ the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.
A. Unless B. Until C. As D. While
8. Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she ____ her opinion on the subject.
A. gave voice to B. kept an eye on
C. turned a deaf ear of D. set foot on
9. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ____ the weather may be better.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
10. The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight _____ of rain later tonight.
A. effect B. sense C. change D. chance
11. The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.
A. whether B. that C. which D. what
12. I’m going to _____ advantage of this tour to explore the history of the castle.
A. put B. make C. take D. give
13. You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel ____ the coach picks up tourists.
A. who B. which C. where D. that
14. I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to _____ a conversation with her.
A. carry on B. break into C. turn down D. cut off
15. I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I ____.
A. were injured B. would be injured
C. had been injured D. would have been injured
第二节: 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选春最佳选项。
The journey my daughter Cathy has had with her swimming is as long as it is beautiful.
Cathy suffered some terrible 16 in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment, she 17 became healthy.
Two years ago, while Cathy was watching the Olympics, a dream came into her sweet little head—to be a swimmer. Last summer, she wanted to 18 out local swim team. She practiced hard and finally 19 it. The team practice, 20 was a rough start. She coughed and choked and could hardly 21 her first few weeks. Hearing her coughing bitterly one night, I decided to 22 her from it all. But Cathy woke me up early next morning, wearing her swimsuit 23 to go! I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing, but she refused to 24 and insisted she go .
From that day on, Cathy kept swimming and didn’t 25 a single practice. She had a 26 intention within herself to be the best she could be. My ten—year—old was growing and changing right before my eyes, into this 27 human being with a passion and a mission. There were moments of 28 of course: often she would be the last swimmer in the race. It was difficult for Cathy to accept that she wasn’t a 29 ---ever. But that didn’t stop her from trying.
Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year. Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to 30 her friends and praise their accomplishments. As the ceremony was nearing the end, I suddenly heard the head coach 31 , “The highest honor goes to Cathy!” Looking around, he continued, “Cathy has inspired us with her 32 and enthusiasm. 33 skills and talents bring great success, the most valuable asset(财富)one can hold is the heart.”
It was the greatest 34 of my daughter’s life. With all she hade been 35 in her ten years, this was the hour of true triumph(成功).
16. A. failure B. pressure C. loss D. illness
17. A. usually B. finally C. firstly D. frequently
18. A. improve B. train C. join D. contact
19. A. increased B. found C. created D. made
20. A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead
21. A. use B. survive C. save D. waste
22. A. pull B. tell C. hide D. fire
23. A. afraid B. nervous C. ready D. free
24. A. take off B. set off C. give up D. show up
25. A. attend B. miss C. ban D. Start
26. A. rich B. weak C. firm D. kind
27. A. trusted B.determined C.experienced D. embarrassed
28. A. frustration B. delight C. excitement D. surprise
29. A. beginner B.learner C. partner D. winner
30. A. cheer on B. compete with C. respond to D. run after
31. A. admitting B.explaining C.announcing D. whispering
32. A. humor B. will C. honesty D. wisdom
33. A. Although B. Since C. Once D. Because
34. A. discovery B. choice C. influence D. moment
35. A. through B. under C. across D. around
第二部分: 阅读理解 (共20小题; 每小题2.5分,满分50分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
A Language Programme for Teenagers
Welcome to Teenagers Abroad! We invite you to join us on an amazing journey of language learning.
Our Courses
Regardless of your choice of course, you’ll develop your language ability both quickly and effectively.
Our Standard Course guarantees a significant increase in your confidence in a foreign language, with focused teaching in all 4 skill areas----speaking, listening, reading and writing.
Our Intensive Course builds on our Standard Course, with 10 additional lessons per week, guaranteeing the fastest possible language learning (see table below).
Course Type Days Number of Lesson Course Timetable Standard Course Mon-Fri lessons Intensive Course Mon-Fri lessons 10lessons Evaluation
starting their programme. However, if this is not available, students sit the exam on the first Monday of their course.
Learning materials are provided to students throughout their course, and there will never be more than 15 participants in each class.
Arrivals and Transfer
Our programme offers the full package—students are take good care of from the start through to the very end. They are collected from the airport upon arrival and brought to their accommodation in comfort. We require the student’s full details at least 4 weeks in advance.
Meals/Allergies(过敏)/Special Dietary Requirements
Students are provided with breakfast, dinner and either a cooked or packed lunch(which consists of a sandwich, a drink and a dessert). Snacks outside of mealtimes may be purchased by the student individually.
We ask that you let us know of any allergies or dietary requirements as well as information about any medicines you take. Depending on the type of allergies and/ or dietary requirements, an extra charge may be made for providing special food.
36. How does Intensive Course differ from Standard Course?
A. It is less effective.
B. It focuses on speaking.
C. It includes extra lessons.
D. It give you confidence
37. When can a student attend Standard Course?
A. 13:00-14:30 Monday.
B. 9:00-12:30 Tuesday
C. 13:00-14:30 Friday.
D. 9:00-12:30 Saturday.
38. Before starting their programme, students are expected to _____.
A. take a language test
B. have an online interview
C. prepare learning materials
D. report their language levels
39. With the full package, the programme organizer is supposed to_____.
A. inform students of their full flight details
B. look after students throughout the programme
C. offer students free sightseeing trips
D. collect students’ luggage in advance
40. Which of the following may require an extra payment?
A. Cooked dinner.
B. Mealtime dessert.
C. Packed lunch.
D. Special diet.
B
Every man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone, not in features but in footsteps. As he grows you also age, and your ambitions become more unachievable. You begin to realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could probably accomplish what you hoped for. But footsteps can be muddied and they can go off in different directions.
My son Jody has hated school since day one in kindergarten. Science projects waited until the last moment. Book reports weren’t written until the final threat.
I’ve been a newspaperman all my adult life. My daughter is a university graduate working toward her master’s degree in English. But Jody? When he entered the tenth grade he became a “vo-tech” student(技校学生). They’re called “motorheads” by the rest of the student body.
When a secretary in my office first called him “motorhead”, I was shocked. “Hey, he’s a good kid,” I wanted to say. “And smart, really.”
I learned later that motorheads are, indeed, different. They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty work clothes. And they don’t often make school honor rolls(光荣榜).
But being the parent of a motorhead is itself an experience in education. We who labor in clean shirts in offices don’t have the abilities that motorheads have. I began to learn this when I had my car crashed. The cost to repair it was estimated at $800. “Hey, I can fix it,” said Jody. I doubted it , but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to lose.
My son ,with other motorheads, fixed the car. They got parts(零件)from a junkyard, non-toasting toaster have been fixed. Neighbours and co-workers trust their car repair to him.
Since that first repair job, a broken air-conditioner, a non-functioning washer and a non-toasting toaster have been fixed. Neighbors and co-workers trust their car repairs to him.
These kids are happiest when doing repairs. They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world. And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes.
I have learned a lot from my motorhead: publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects need builders. Most important, I have learned that fathers don’t need clones in footsteps or anywhere else.
My son may never make the school honor roll. But he made mine.
41. What used to be the author’s hope for his son?
A. To avoid becoming his clone.
B. To resemble him in appearance.
C. To develop in a different direction.
D. To reach the author’s unachieved goals.
42. What can we learn about the author’s children?
A. His daughter does better in school.
B. His daughter has got a master’s degree.
C. His son tried hard to finish homework.
D. His son couldn’t write his book reports.
43. The author let his son repair the car because he believed that_______.
A. His son had the ability to fix it.
B. it would save him much time.
C. it wouldn’t cause him any more loss
D. other motorheads would come to help.
44. In the author’s eyes, motorheads are _______.
A. tidy and hardworking
B. cheerful and smart
C. lazy but bright
D. relaxed but rude
45. What did the author realize in the end?
A. It is unwise to expect your child to follow your path.
B. It is important for one to make the honor roll.
C. Architects play a more important role than builders.
D. Motorheads have greater ability than office workers.
C
When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.
These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. “Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence (能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society,” said George Vaillant, the psychologist (心理学家) who made the discovery. “And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.”
Vaillant’s study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men’s mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores with their boyhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.
The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out. Working----at any age----is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence---the underpinnings (基础) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn’t everything. As Tolstoy once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one’s work.”
46. What do we know about John?
A. He enjoyed his career and marriage.
B. He had few childhood playmates.
C. He received little love from his family.
D. He was envied by others in his childhood.
47. Vaillant’s words in Paragraph 2 serve as _____.
A. a description of personal values and social values
B. an analysis of how work was related to competence
C. an example for parents’ expectations of their children
D. an explanation why some boys grew into happy men
48. Vaillant’s team obtained their findings by _____.
A. recording the boys’ effort in school
B. evaluating the men’s mental health
C. comparing different sets of scores
D. measuring the men’s problem solving ability
49. What does the underlined word “sharp” probably mean in Paragraph 4?
A. Quick to react
B. Having a thin edge
C. Clear and definite
D. sudden and rapid
50. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. competent adults know more about love than work.
B. Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.
C. Love brings more joy to people than work does.
D. Independence is the key to one’s success.
D
Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has. There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding.
We experience this tiredness in two ways: as start-up fatigue(疲惫) and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it has either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel.
Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first.
Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical(按字母顺序), never letting myself leave out a tough idea. And I always started the day’s work with the difficult task of essay-writing. Experience proved that the rule works.
Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can-then let the unconscious take over.
When planning Encyclopaedia Britannica (《大英百科全书》), I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after dat I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked. My fatigue became almost unbearable.
One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relived, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.
An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind provided correct at every step. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.
Human beings, I believe must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.
51. People with start-up fatigue are most likely to .
A. delay tasks
B. work hard
C. seek help
D. accept failure
52. What does the author recommend doing to prevent start-up fatigue?
A. Writing essays in strict order.
B. Building up physical strength.
C. Leaving out the toughest ideas.
D. Dealing with the hardest task first.
53. On what occasion does a person probably suffer from performance fatigue?
A. Before starting a difficult task.
B. When all the solutions fail.
C. If the job is rather boring.
D. After finding a way out.
54. According to the author, the unconscious mind may help us .
A. ignore mental problems
B. get some nice sleep
C. gain complete relief
D. find the right solution
55. What could be the best title for the passage?
A. Success Is Built upon Failure
B. How to Handle Performance Fatigue
C. Getting over Fatigue: A Way to Success
D. Fatigue: An Early Sign of Health Problems
绝密★启用前
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)
英 语 笔 试
第II卷
注意事项:
1.用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。
2.本卷共6小题,共35分。
第三部分: 写作
第一节:阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
阅读短文,并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
I’m a 34-year-old man, married, lived in a nice house, and have a successful career as an educational consultant. But my life was not always so great. I had a learning disability from an early age. I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help. Still, I suffered the rest of my school days in public schools.
My life improved remarkably when I discovered art. The art world gave me a chance to express myself without words. I went to a workshop and gradually got good at making things with clay(黏土). Here I learned my first important lesson: disabled as I was in language. I could still be smart and well express myself with clay. And my confidence came along.
I got my next lesson from rock climbing. It was a fun thing but I was scared from the start. I soon noticed it wasn’t a talent thing; it was practice. So I did it more. After about five years of climbing, I found myself in Yosemite Valley on a big wall. I learned that if you fall in love with something and do it all the time, you will get better at it.
Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write. Every day I practiced reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. After two hard years, I was literate.
Having gone through the long process with art, rock climbing, and reading and writing, now I’ve got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown, hard, but interesting.
56. What made the author’s school days difficult? (No more than 5 words)
57. Why did art give the author confidence? (No more than 10 words)
58. What lesson did the author learn from rock climbing? (No more than 15 words)
59. What is the meaning of the underlined part in Paragraph 4? (No more than 5 words)
60. How does the author’s story inspire you to overcome difficulties in life? Put it in your own words. (No more than 20 words)
第二节:书面表达(满分25分)
61.
假设你是晨光中学的学生会主席李津。一批来自英国的高中生与你校学生开展了为期两周的交流活动。现在,他们即将回国,你将在欢送会上致辞。请根据以下提示写一篇发言稿。
回顾双方的交流活动(如学习、生活、体育、文艺等方面);
谈谈收获或感情;
表达祝愿语期望。
注意:
词数不少于100;
可适当加入细节,是内容充实、行文连贯;
开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear friends,
How time flies!
Thank you.
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)
英语笔试参考答案
第I卷
第一、二部分(Key to1--55)
1--5ABCAB 6--10BCADD 11--15BCDAD 16--20DBCDA 21--25BACCB 26--30CBADA 31--35CBADA 36--40CBABD 41--45DACBA 46--50ADCCB 51--55ADBDC
第II卷
第三部分 第一节
Some possible answers:
56.(His) learning disability. Or: Having a learning disability.
Or: That he was learning disabled. Or: He had a learning disability.
57.He could be smart and express himself with clay.
Or: Art could help him express himself without words.
Or: He could well express himself with clay/art.
58.If you enjoy something and keep doing it, you will get better at it.
Or: The more you practice something, the better at it you will become. Or: Practice makes perfect. Or: Practice leads to success.
59.I could read and write.
60.We should not lose heart in face of difficulties. If we work hard,we will find a way out. Or: The author’s story tells me that I should be confident and practice hard to overcome difficulties in my life.or:We should overcome our weakness and fears with courage and determination.
以上答案仅供参考
第九篇
(一) 根据下面提供的材料写一篇简讯。
1. 1987年6月,A县举行小学生游泳比赛,育民小学取得了团体冠军。
2. 1986年初,育民小学一位老师提出建议:“我们这里河湖港汊很多,应该充分利用这一自然条件,为校内学生举办游泳训练班。”
3. 1986年4月,育民小学校务会议同意了这一建议,并决定请一位教练进行理论指导。
4. 1986年4月中旬,育民小学听到一些家长的反映。有的家长说:“举办游泳班会不会影响孩子们的学习?”有的家长说:“我们的孩子是从小在水里泡大的,还要训练什么?”
5. 1986年5月初,育民小学校长在家长会上说:“我们举办游泳训练班有两个目的:“一是增强学生体质,一是为国家培养体育人才。近年来,我国游泳水平有了很大提高,出现了一些具有国际水平的优秀运动员,在一些国际比赛中拿了不少金牌,但和世界游泳强国相比,还有很大差距。至于说在水里泡大的孩子要成为游泳健儿,也必须有理论指导和严格训练。”
6. 1986年5月,在取得了家长同意后,育民小学学生游泳训练班正式开始。经过科学训练,学生的游泳水平有了明显提高。
注意事项:
1. 文章要有中心,语言通顺,书写合乎规范(标点占格,阿拉伯数码两个占一格);
2. 时间、地点、单位、事件(经过、原因、结果)要交代清楚;
3. 写出家长、学校各自的态度和认识;
4. 尽量不超过190字(含标点),字数超出要扣分;
5. 某些不很重要的材料可以省略,可以不按照原材料的顺序,也可以不使用原句。
简讯:
育民小学办起了游泳训练班
去年4月,地处水乡的A县育民小学想请教练在校内办学生游泳训练班。有的家长怕影响孩子学习,有的认为水里泡大的孩子用不着训练。但是,学校认为办训练班既能增强学生体质,又能为国家培养体育人才,水里泡大的孩子也需要理论指导和科学训练。学校说服了家长,在5月办起了训练班。一年以后,学生游泳水平明显提高,学校还夺得了县小学游泳团体冠军。
(二) 结合以上材料,就理论对实践的指导意义这个问题写一篇短文,题目自拟。字数在400—600之间。
第十篇
我见过许多寻找幸福的人,为了幸福,他们有的在农田里挥汗如雨,有的在商场上摸爬滚打,有的在官场里勾心斗角……难道得到幸福就这么困难吗?
同桌胖妞听了我的疑惑,大笑起来,她说:“幸福是很简单的事啊!”
胖妞见我仍然心存疑惑,就给我举起了例子“你回答老师提问很正确,老师给了你一个微笑,你心里喝蜜了一样甜,这不就是幸福吗?再如,你放学回到家里,你妈妈赶忙帮你取下背上的书包,把刚买的水果拿给你,这不也是幸福吗?”
胖妞是经济条件比较好的城里学生,她整个浸在幸福里,她当然会认为很简单了。而我是乡下的的孩子,父母为了我能在城里上完中学而整日忙碌着从土坷垃里淘钱,我知道我的父母很辛苦。我当然不会相信胖妞的话。
可是胖妞却没有放弃她的观点,她决定带我亲自验证她的观点。
放学了,胖妞带我到她家做客。来到她家门口,胖妞用她嫩白的手拍了两下门。“是幸福在敲门吗?我这就来——”屋里有人应了。我问胖妞:“你乳名叫‘幸福’吗?”“不是,妈妈说她每次听到我的敲门声,她就会感到幸福,所以我的敲门声就是‘幸福的敲门声’了。”
胖妞妈妈开了门,“哟,你和朋友一块儿来的啊。正好,我给妞妞买的鱼马上就炖好了,一块吃。”胖妞的妈妈一边接过胖妞的书包,一边给我打招呼,我看得出胖妞的妈妈真的很幸福。胖妞给她的妈妈讲着学校里的小事,一会她们母女俩就发出一阵爽朗的笑声,我以前从没有感到那些鸡毛蒜皮的事可笑,可现在我也随着她们开心地笑起来。胖妞的爸爸回来了,全家又是一阵笑声;炖的鱼端上饭桌了,大家又笑上一阵子……哦,她们一家真的为这么件件的小事感到幸福。
我突然想到了我小时候,想到我上学出门时妈妈叫住我,帮我整整歪了的衣领;我想起我放学回到家里,爸爸帮我扎紧松了的鞋带;我想起,我五岁时,我学着妈妈在腰里扎个围裙洗碗……我不觉脸上露出了笑容。胖妞说,看:“你也感受到了吧!”
胖妞说得真对,幸福原来真的这么简单!我突然又想起那些为了寻找幸福而忙得焦头烂额的人们,原来他们缺的不是幸福,而是缺少发现幸福的心境啊。
第十一篇
很多人看过日落,那西沉的太阳将那片天染成血的色彩,由亮及白,由白及红,由红及粉的过程,让人们感悟到世间的美。
老人喜欢独自看落霞,因为在那时,孤寂苍老的心会感受到亲人的温馨;恋人喜爱相依看落霞,因为在那时,浪漫的气息会让情意更浓更淳;孩子喜欢招朋引伴看落霞,望着天边变化的云,幻想骑上白马奔驰……一切的一切,都不禁让我想到一个词——和谐。
生活中有你,有我,有他,我们在同样的阳光下,在同一片蓝天下长大。我们的成长离不开父母,多少个花开花落,父母望着我们舒心地微笑,他们将浓浓的爱意传递在眉宇间,用爱呼唤孩子快快长大。在年老时,他们会望着那落霞,去回想我们年幼时的笑脸,追寻我们如何长大……伴随着青春的旋律,我们忽然会觉得秋的天空很蓝,冬的雪地很白,忘记一切的阴暗,心中常有一份圣治……睡在我上铺的兄弟在弹着吉他,没有分别时的苦楚,我们在共同回忆三年来的欢声笑语,蓦地,抽出钢笔在那崭新的扉页上,写下“海内存知已,天涯若比邻”的祝福。也许,在异国他乡我们会重逢,一生朋友洗尽千万句离愁。
我们便生活在这匆忙的芸芸众生中,偶然间我们相识,内心便会多一份湛蓝;也许我们素不相识,但,朋友同样感谢你,因为你的存在,这世上有了丰富的见闻,让我们开心地度过每一天。独木不成林,只有百树争春,生命才有竞争的热烈;独花不成春,只有百花齐放,春天才有那份姹紫嫣红;独流不成浪,只有万泉齐汇,才会有瀑布的壮烈,才会有大海的威严。
还记得迷惘时陌生人伸出的援助之手吗?还记得离家时,父母殷切的呼唤吗?还记得做错作业时,老师细心的辅导吗?那一切的一切,都在诠释着一个字:爱。因为对生命的热爱,才有不屈不挠的执着;因为恋人的爱,才有教堂中婚纱的纯洁;因为有朋友的爱,才有在人生路中不会有孤独的淡然……
张开双臂,一切都如那由亮及白及红及粉的落霞,当我们怀着感激的目光去面对你、我、他,那西沉的太阳,会留下那最美的一抹。
点评:
在很短的考场内能构思出如此精妙的散文,小作者的功底可见一斑。思路如泉涌,行文如流水。这篇作文主要有以下特点:1。由看落霞感悟到世间的真善美开头,到张开双臂拥抱落霞结束,紧扣主题,首尾呼应;2。选取生活中老人、恋人、小孩的几个片断,简洁明了,让我们感受到和谐无处不在;3。行文注重点题,中心明确。和谐的色彩,和谐的人群,和谐的景色,构成了一幅世间最美的图画;4。语言清新自然,笔锋老道,排比、反问等修辞手法穿插其中,给本文增添了无限的魅力。没有对生活的热爱,没有细心的观察,没有认真的思考,都是完成不了这篇美文的。
第十二篇
一个小男孩在草地上发现了一个蛹,把它带回家。过了几天,蛹身上出现了一道小裂缝,里面的蝴蝶挣扎了好几个小时,身体似乎被卡住了,一直出不来。小孩于心不忍,便用尖刀剪开蛹壳,帮助蝴蝶脱蛹而去。可是,这只蝴蝶身躯臃肿,翅膀干瘪,根本飞不起来。
全面理解材料,但可以从一个侧面、一个角度构思作文。自主确定立意,确定文体,确定标题;不要脱离材料内容或其含意范围作文,不要套作,不得抄袭。
思路点拨一:着眼于“人’切入立意
在这则材料里的人应指小男孩,着眼于“小男孩”立意思考:
小男孩“发现了一个蛹,把它带回家”———反映其具有爱心,有好奇心。
小男孩“于心不忍,用剪刀剪开蛹壳,帮助蝴蝶脱蛹而去”这个举动———也出于爱心,想帮助蝴蝶脱离困境。
横向思维:人生不能没有爱,小男孩的举动没有错。
逆向思维:小男孩因为于心不忍用剪刀帮忙,结果好心办了坏事,这种爱心帮了倒忙。
纵向思维:生活中类似小男孩的例子还很多,出发点和动机都很好,而结果却与初衷相悖。
思路点拨二:着眼于“物”切入立意
在这则材料中“物“指的是“蝴蝶”,着眼于蝴蝶进行立意思考:
蝴蝶———“挣扎了好几个小时,身体似乎被卡住了,一直出不来。”是正常现象,说明时机未到,还不能脱壳而去。
蝴蝶———“身躯臃肿,翅膀干瘪,根本飞不起来。”说明蝴蝶在蛹内没有经历生命诞生应该经历的磨难和痛苦,由于小男孩的帮助,幼蝶脱蛹而去,不可能成为身手矫捷的蝴蝶。
横向思维:蝴蝶“没经历风雨,怎能见彩虹”,没经历生命正常秩序,不可能有健康的生命个体存在。
逆向思维:蝴蝶是无辜的受害者,罪魁祸首是那个小男孩。
创新思维:没有打好生命的地基,就无法盖起生命的大厦。
思路点拨三:着眼于“事”切入立意
就小男孩好心帮助蝴蝶脱颖而出这件事来进行思考,不仅是蝴蝶,即便是人,如果“不经一番寒彻骨,怎得梅花扑鼻香”?幼蝶在蛹内“似乎卡住,一直出不来”这件事是正常现象,只有经历了诞生的痛苦和磨难,才可能为日后健康成长打下坚实的基础。而蝴蝶没有经过这一关,自然“身躯臃肿,翅膀干瘪,根本飞不起来”。由此可得出如下立意:生命历程中的磨难也是一种宝贵的财富。
逆向思维:若着眼于小男孩好心帮助蝴蝶脱蛹而出,最后好心办了坏事这个角度思考,有时候爱也是一种伤害。有位学生在利用这则材料写作时,就以《有一种伤害叫做爱》来立意行文,颇有新意。小男孩是在看到幼蝶很难过时才伸出援助之手,是出于爱心才这样做的,结果害得蝴蝶来到这个世界便是一副病态,丧失了生存基础,由此可以得出如下立意:对弱小者是溺爱不得的。
思路点拨四:着眼于“理”切入立意
从思路开发的角度,立意定位于理,一般要考虑两个层面:一是阐明一般的事理,层次上比较浅显,容易达到;二是揭示事件蕴涵的哲理,要求思想认识深刻,见解独特,层次上比较高远,不容易达到。
就上面的材料,若着眼于哲理的阐发,可以运用纵深思维的方式,借助辩证看问题的技法,进行如下思考:
思路一:要尊重事物发展的客观规律,不可拔苗助长。
由蛹化碟是一个由量变到质变的渐进过程,幼蝶在蛹内挣扎乃至最后咬破蛹壳,是这个变化过程中不可缺少的一部分。小男孩的一剪,把这个必要的过程“剪掉”了,其结果是欲速则不达,幼蝶悲剧命运的发生就成为一种不可避免的必然。
思路二:事物发展的根本动力在内因,不可以外因代替内因。
由化蝶,靠的是幼蝶在蛹内自己的运动,特别是冲破束缚的拼搏挣扎。这不仅是生命力的显示,更是由弱变强的锻炼过程,为成为蝶后遨游自然界奠定基础。小男孩的一剪,使幼蝶失去了锻炼机会,其生命力、适应力必然大打折扣。
“纸上得来终觉浅,绝知此事要躬行”。我们不仅要充分理解、深刻体会新颖独特的立意思路,而且在中考复习阶段要经常付诸实践,缜密思考,多角度的切入,灵活运用,力求思维活跃,视野开阔,力争做到“面面俱到”,把自己对材料、题目的认识见解尽可能挖掘出来。并选取其中最有创意的立意作为行文切入点,只有切入点越具体、越独特、越有新意,发掘才可能越深,表达出来的见解才会标新立异,才不会出现自己的立意与别人的雷同和撞车的现象。
第十三篇
张海迪说过:“生命很痛,但痛我也要活着,我要活得好好的,还要活出诗意。”史铁生也曾说过:“生命的磨难是一种必然降临的节日。”
水“滴答滴答”敲击石头,似乎每一次都微乎其微,但最终滴穿了石头。是什么使水有如此大的能力呢?那就是阻碍它前进的石头。水如此,人也一样。只有使自己经历一次次磨难,并克服它,才能获得最后的成功。
“塞翁失马,焉知非福?”有得必有失。阳关大道固然平坦笔直,却少了崎岖小径的种种情趣与快乐。人生是一条曲折的长河,所有美好的风景都在它的急转弯处。无限风光在险峰,在经历危险的过程中,身处生与死的边缘,险则险矣,乐在其中。不断变换的环境中,迎面而来的一重又一重困难,始终令人感到新奇,时时激发人们运用力量和智慧迎战艰苦。若是一条平坦的大道,昂首阔步便是一种机械化的动作,又有何意义、何乐趣?乏味、单调的痛苦便会超过在峰岭上攀登!
生活中尽管活着有许多不如意,但我们还是要活出生命的价值,这就要求我们珍惜生命、善待生命。我不相信上帝,因为上帝只有一个,而生命却有无数。相信无数的生命会有无数个你未曾发现的美丽。去寻找吧,毕竟生命只有一次!
其实,磨难也是一种财富。
人如一块玉石,不经经历雕琢是很难成为一件完美的艺术品的。不遭受磨难的人很难成为一个坚强、勇敢的人!当你遇到苦难时不防想一想,磨难也是一种财富,它会化为一种动力推动你前进!
第十四篇
和谐的力量,欣悦而深沉的力量。
让我们的眼睛逐渐变得安宁,
我们能够看清事物内在的生命。
——华兹华斯
无意之中我邂逅了这样一朵花。
它安静地伫立在花盆里,墨绿色的茎细细的却十分有力,没有任何多余的叶片,只是在顶端分出岔来,结了两个小小的花骨朵。
我十分欣喜,它们娇小的模样像刚刚坠地的婴孩,实在惹人怜爱。我给它们浇水,看着它们微微抬起头,争先恐后地吮吸着这般甘露,继而涌动着自己的身体,像是要挣脱花苞的束缚,完全地绽放开来。我默默地等待着,定时浇水,想看这场无声的比赛究竟谁会获胜。
过了一段时日,它们竟同时盛开了。
蜕去了当初婴儿的模样,仿佛两个朗朗大方的姑娘,挺胸抬头,随这拂来的轻风摇曳,舞动着自己曼妙的身姿。那层次分明的粉红色是它们的衣衫。花瓣边缘处的淡粉到中间的粉红,一直延续到底端的桃红色,像一道布满玄奥的谜语,层层揭晓的模样,使我更加沉醉于其中。
之后的每一次浇水我都更加用心,害怕这样的美丽太短暂,一天夜里出奇的安静,没有风吹没有鸟鸣,我走到阳台上,竟听到了她们的窃窃私语。
“我舍不得你……”
“你一定要好好的生活,带着我的生命,一起活下去!”
我十分惊讶,把这莫名的声音归类于自己的幻听。她们只是没有思想没有能力的花而已,我告诉自己。
第二天,她们开始出现异常。一朵像往常一样高昂着头颅,一多却有些无力了,像是在告诉别人,父母在养育她们的过程中偏了心。直到后来,一朵越来越漂亮,张开花盘跳着比从前更加绚烂的舞姿,另一朵却越发没有精神,变得枯黄无力,却向着那朵娇艳的花,像是在认输,又像在饱含深情地寄托着什么。
“有一种花叫双生花,一株二艳,竟相绽放。但随着时间的推移,其中的一朵就会不断地吸取另一朵的养分和精华。到了最后,一朵娇艳夺人,一朵枯败凋零。”
我惊异于这样的伟大,牺牲自己来成全他人,那朵花是用怎样的坚强毅力在等待和煎熬,直至把自己的养分全部奉献给她的姐妹,黯然于世间。
那微弱而绚烂的生命向我们传达了一个怎样宏大的生命排场。
她最终垂下脑袋沉沉地睡去,我看到另外那朵傲然的花也溢出泪来。