本文介绍了高考作文常用的单词,包括形容词、副词、连词、代词、介词等,帮助考生提高作文表达能力。同时,建议考生在写作过程中要注意语法和逻辑,以及避免使用过于复杂的词汇,以免影响文章的可读性。
高考作文常用单词篇一
那天,我学新概念英语,受到了别人的真心的喝彩。
记得那天,我下午去学英语,由于吃饭的时候我一直在看电视,就磨蹭了一会,所以去上英语就晚了一点儿。我急忙去上学,刚到了那儿,就拉上课铃了。我才到了楼梯口,我气喘吁吁的走进了课堂。老师说:
“黄劭卿啊,以后早点来啊!”
“哦。”我回答道。这时,老师说:
“请拿出一张纸来。”我就急忙从书包里拖出一本本子,撕下一张纸来。打开铅笔盒,拿出一支笔来。这时,老师已经念完第二个单词了,我匆忙地写上。我们只听见老师读单词的声音,和外面汽车的声音。写字声都被盖过了。我们听写了210个单词,我成竹在胸,因为我已经早就复习好了。把单词交上去以后,我们就开始背课文。过了一会儿,听写成绩出了,老师念:
“……,黄劭卿,210个单词错7个……”念完以后,老师说:
“这次黄劭卿考得非常好,继续努力!”我同位马永哲说:
“哇,黄劭卿,你真厉害!”这时,我光笑了笑。
我脸上虽然只是笑了笑,但心里却又说不出的喜悦,多复习真有用啊!
高考作文常用单词篇二
高考作文中常用的三十种议论句式汇总:
1.不求……但求……:不求轰动效应,但求经世致用;不求辉煌卓越,但求从容淡定;不求如日中天,但求月白风清。
2.不是……而是……:不是大地归属心灵,而是心灵归属大地。因为我们都是地之子,厚德载物的大地是我们茁壮成长和诗意栖居的家园,是我们精神和情感的港湾。不是人使真理伟大,而是真理使人伟大。(罗曼??罗兰)
3.……也……:亲情的生长,源自生活的环境,也渴望制度的保障。
4.……是……是……:尊严是生命的天赋内涵,尊严是人格力量的彰显,尊严是人生价值的标杆.
淡定是一种心态,淡定是一种力量,淡定是一种胸怀。
淡定是一种从容的心态,淡定是一种内在的力量,淡定是一种博大的胸怀。
淡定是一种从容不迫的心态,淡定是一种以柔克刚的力量,淡定是一种博大宽容的胸怀。
5.需要……更需要……:改革需要理念设计,更需要信心和行动;改革需要智慧和能力,更需要勇气和良知;改革需要激情和超越,更需要理性和务实。
人生需要理想和憧憬,更需要脚踏实地的行动;人生需要灿烂和辉煌,更需要平淡和从容;人生需要激情和个性,更需要理性和宽容。
6.需要……不需要……:我们需要自尊,不需要廉价的怜悯;我们需要理性,不需要盲目的激情;我们需要信念,不需要混沌和懵懂。
7.要看到……更要看到……:要看到民生是国计的起点和终点,民富是国强的保障和支撑。但更要看到,民生深处是民权,没有民权就没有民生。
8.没有……就没有……:没有姹紫嫣红的花朵,就没有美丽婀娜的春天;没有高远不俗的理想,就没有五彩斑斓的翅膀;没有明亮清澈的眼睛,就没有美丽无边的风景;没有坚定执着的信念,就没有诗意氤氲的人生。
9.没有……哪有……:没有天哪有地,没有地哪有家,没有家哪有你,没有你哪有我?
10.(需要)有一种……叫……:面对生活,我们需要一种姿态,这种姿态叫拥抱。拥抱灿烂拥抱辉煌,也拥抱悲伤和沧桑;拥抱鲜花拥抱掌声,也拥抱误解和争鸣。有一种力量叫从容,有一种脚步叫匆匆,有一种幸福叫淡定,有一种眷恋叫深情。
11.所有的……:所有的故事都有一个主题歌。但我知道,那永远不是我。
所有的故事都在诠释着今天,所有的历史都在当前发言。往事并不如烟,人心并不健忘,历史也不是任人打扮的小姑娘。
所有的智慧都来自思考历练,所有的尊严都来自人格风范,所有的幸福都来自淡定的心态和匆匆的步履。
所有的人都是平等的,使人不同的不是出身而是德行。
12.……的……还是……:激情的里面还是激情,天空的上面还是天空,脚步的前面还是脚步。,道路的前面还是道路。
13.……而且……:只要树立了远大理想,就会有一种激情从内心最深处的每一寸角落里孕育、澎湃而且升腾.
14.最:一个纯洁甜美的微笑,让人想起春风中最妩媚的那朵玫瑰花。
15.……但……:贫穷永远不能湮灭亲情,但贫穷时时可能压抑甚至扭曲亲情。
高考作文常用单词篇三
一、本科一批批次院校组成
各地情况略有不同,北京的一本就是一本,很简单,天津、辽宁等地会更细分为A、B类或A、B阶段。
1.全国最优秀的985、211大学;
2.开设本硕博连读临床医学长学制专业的大学:如:河北医科大学、山西医科大学、中国医科大学。
3.中外合作办学类:宁波诺丁汉、西交利物浦、北师大香港浸会联合国际学院等。
4.80年代的重点大学:湘潭大学、沈阳农业大学、辽宁工程技术大学等;
5.各地优秀非211大学:东北财经大学、天津财经大学、首都经济贸易大学、中国民航大学、上海理工大学等;
6.各地的市属一本、二本兼招院校:北京市的北京工商大学、北京建筑工程学院、北方工业大学、天津市的天津科技大学、辽宁省的沈阳建筑大学、江苏省的南京工业大学等。
二、本科一批批次院校特点及报考策略
1.层次分布多,水平相差大,在部分地区如北京市录取分数差距大。在北京、天津地区北大、清华常年录取分数在660分左右,而北方工业大学、北京信息科技大学天津科技大学等当地一本、二本兼招学校录取分数过一本线即可。
2.同样的院校,根据等地考试院的安排,会设置在不同批次。比如:华侨大学在天津、辽宁是一本,在北京就是二本录取。南京财经大学在全国很多地区一本招生,在北京、天津等地区是在二本招生。
3.985、211工程大学对考生就业、考研、出国等未来发展影响较大。很多大的国企、跨国公司、优秀大学要求应聘者本科毕业于211、985工程大学。保研或考研时985、211工程院校毕业占有优势。出国留学时非211工程大学毕业生申请名校会很困难。
4.一本院校选择余地大,需要考生及家长对大学背景、学科优势多加了解。分别可以按地区选大学,按专业选大学。
按地区:我国教育发达地区是北京、上海、江苏、陕西等地;同等成绩北上广以外地区的院校会更优秀。比如在京、津两地同等成绩即可以上北京科技大学也可以考虑湖北的武汉大学、华中科技大学;分数低一些的即可以上天津财经大学也可以上广东暨南大学。
按专业:热门大学与热门专业分数相差较大。比如北京大学的热门专业是光华管理学院,北邮的热门专业是通信工程、东南大学的热门专业是建筑学,中国政法大 学的热门专业是法学,热门专业录取线一般比该大学的提档线高十几分,甚至几十分。近些年金融、会计、临床医学、建筑学等专业均属热门专业。
考生应确立好职业目标,成绩高低不同,可以选择同具优势学科的大学。今后有志于从事大飞机制造的同学依据成绩高低,可考虑北京航空航天大学、西北工业大 学、南京航空航天大学,上述学校的宇航航天科学与技术同是国家重点一级学科;学习通信的同学可以考虑北京邮电大学、电子科技大学、西安电子科技大学,上述 学校信息与通讯工程、电子科学与技术同是国家重点一级学科,实力相当,但因所处地区不同,分数也会高低不同;学习法律的同学可以考虑人大、中国政法大学、 西南政法大学、华东政法大学或西北政法大学。
了解相关相近专业。财经类院校一般开设会计学或国际会计,分数较高,而财务管理、审计学则分数较低,其实这些专业大学一二年级部分专业上课,三年级时才有差别。类似的还有车辆工程录取分数高,而相关相近专业机械设计制造、材料成型与控制工程录取分数低。
5.了解评判大学与专业的一些指标及其意义:如国家重点学科、一级学科博士点、博士后流动站、基地班、卓越工程师计划、国家重点实验室等。大学是多元化 教育,与中学有很大不同。如国家重点学科代表大学的办学特色,在重点学科学习的毕业生更受行业企业青睐。基地班毕业的同学保研比例高。参与卓越工程师计划的院校、专业对学生就业有直接帮助。
高考作文常用单词篇四
(一) 根据下面提供的材料写一篇简讯。
1. 1987年6月,A县举行小学生游泳比赛,育民小学取得了团体冠军。
2. 1986年初,育民小学一位老师提出建议:“我们这里河湖港汊很多,应该充分利用这一自然条件,为校内学生举办游泳训练班。”
3. 1986年4月,育民小学校务会议同意了这一建议,并决定请一位教练进行理论指导。
4. 1986年4月中旬,育民小学听到一些家长的反映。有的家长说:“举办游泳班会不会影响孩子们的学习?”有的家长说:“我们的孩子是从小在水里泡大的,还要训练什么?”
5. 1986年5月初,育民小学校长在家长会上说:“我们举办游泳训练班有两个目的:“一是增强学生体质,一是为国家培养体育人才。近年来,我国游泳水平有了很大提高,出现了一些具有国际水平的优秀运动员,在一些国际比赛中拿了不少金牌,但和世界游泳强国相比,还有很大差距。至于说在水里泡大的孩子要成为游泳健儿,也必须有理论指导和严格训练。”
6. 1986年5月,在取得了家长同意后,育民小学学生游泳训练班正式开始。经过科学训练,学生的游泳水平有了明显提高。
注意事项:
1. 文章要有中心,语言通顺,书写合乎规范(标点占格,阿拉伯数码两个占一格);
2. 时间、地点、单位、事件(经过、原因、结果)要交代清楚;
3. 写出家长、学校各自的态度和认识;
4. 尽量不超过190字(含标点),字数超出要扣分;
5. 某些不很重要的材料可以省略,可以不按照原材料的顺序,也可以不使用原句。
简讯:
育民小学办起了游泳训练班
去年4月,地处水乡的A县育民小学想请教练在校内办学生游泳训练班。有的家长怕影响孩子学习,有的认为水里泡大的孩子用不着训练。但是,学校认为办训练班既能增强学生体质,又能为国家培养体育人才,水里泡大的孩子也需要理论指导和科学训练。学校说服了家长,在5月办起了训练班。一年以后,学生游泳水平明显提高,学校还夺得了县小学游泳团体冠军。
(二) 结合以上材料,就理论对实践的指导意义这个问题写一篇短文,题目自拟。字数在400—600之间。
高考作文常用单词篇五
高考真题2016年高考天津卷英语试题(含答案)
资料概述与简介
绝密★启用前
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)
英语 笔试
本试卷分为第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分,共130分,考试用时100分钟。第I卷1至10页。第II卷11至12页。
答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名,准考号填写在答题卡上,并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码,答卷时,考生务必将答案写在答题卡上,答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
祝各位考生考试顺利!
第I 卷
注意事项:
1. 每小题选出答案后,用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如果改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
2. 本卷共55小题,共95分。
第一部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节:单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
例:Stand over there_____ you’ll be able to see it better.
A. or B. and C. but D. while
答案是B。
1. ---It was a wonderful trip. So, which city did you like better, Paris or Rome?
---______. There were good things and bad things about them.
A. It’s hard to say B. I didn’t get it
C. You must be kidding D. Couldn’t be better
2. The dictionary is ______: many words have been added to the language since it was published.
A. out of control B. out of date C. out of sight D. out of reach
3. When walking down the street, I came across David, when I _____ for years.
A. didn’t see B. haven’t seen C. hadn’t seen D. wouldn’t see
4. The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, ____ air conditioning unnecessary.
A. making B. to make C. made D. being made
5. It was really annoying; I _____ get access to the data bank you had recommended.
A. wouldn’t B. couldn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
6. ---I’m thinking of going back to school to get another degree.
---Sounds great!_____.
A. It all depends B. Go for it C. Never mind D. No wonder
7. ______ the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.
A. Unless B. Until C. As D. While
8. Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she ____ her opinion on the subject.
A. gave voice to B. kept an eye on
C. turned a deaf ear of D. set foot on
9. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ____ the weather may be better.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
10. The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight _____ of rain later tonight.
A. effect B. sense C. change D. chance
11. The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.
A. whether B. that C. which D. what
12. I’m going to _____ advantage of this tour to explore the history of the castle.
A. put B. make C. take D. give
13. You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel ____ the coach picks up tourists.
A. who B. which C. where D. that
14. I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to _____ a conversation with her.
A. carry on B. break into C. turn down D. cut off
15. I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I ____.
A. were injured B. would be injured
C. had been injured D. would have been injured
第二节: 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选春最佳选项。
The journey my daughter Cathy has had with her swimming is as long as it is beautiful.
Cathy suffered some terrible 16 in her early childhood. After years of regular treatment, she 17 became healthy.
Two years ago, while Cathy was watching the Olympics, a dream came into her sweet little head—to be a swimmer. Last summer, she wanted to 18 out local swim team. She practiced hard and finally 19 it. The team practice, 20 was a rough start. She coughed and choked and could hardly 21 her first few weeks. Hearing her coughing bitterly one night, I decided to 22 her from it all. But Cathy woke me up early next morning, wearing her swimsuit 23 to go! I told her she shouldn’t swim after a whole night’s coughing, but she refused to 24 and insisted she go .
From that day on, Cathy kept swimming and didn’t 25 a single practice. She had a 26 intention within herself to be the best she could be. My ten—year—old was growing and changing right before my eyes, into this 27 human being with a passion and a mission. There were moments of 28 of course: often she would be the last swimmer in the race. It was difficult for Cathy to accept that she wasn’t a 29 ---ever. But that didn’t stop her from trying.
Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year. Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to 30 her friends and praise their accomplishments. As the ceremony was nearing the end, I suddenly heard the head coach 31 , “The highest honor goes to Cathy!” Looking around, he continued, “Cathy has inspired us with her 32 and enthusiasm. 33 skills and talents bring great success, the most valuable asset(财富)one can hold is the heart.”
It was the greatest 34 of my daughter’s life. With all she hade been 35 in her ten years, this was the hour of true triumph(成功).
16. A. failure B. pressure C. loss D. illness
17. A. usually B. finally C. firstly D. frequently
18. A. improve B. train C. join D. contact
19. A. increased B. found C. created D. made
20. A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead
21. A. use B. survive C. save D. waste
22. A. pull B. tell C. hide D. fire
23. A. afraid B. nervous C. ready D. free
24. A. take off B. set off C. give up D. show up
25. A. attend B. miss C. ban D. Start
26. A. rich B. weak C. firm D. kind
27. A. trusted B.determined C.experienced D. embarrassed
28. A. frustration B. delight C. excitement D. surprise
29. A. beginner B.learner C. partner D. winner
30. A. cheer on B. compete with C. respond to D. run after
31. A. admitting B.explaining C.announcing D. whispering
32. A. humor B. will C. honesty D. wisdom
33. A. Although B. Since C. Once D. Because
34. A. discovery B. choice C. influence D. moment
35. A. through B. under C. across D. around
第二部分: 阅读理解 (共20小题; 每小题2.5分,满分50分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
A Language Programme for Teenagers
Welcome to Teenagers Abroad! We invite you to join us on an amazing journey of language learning.
Our Courses
Regardless of your choice of course, you’ll develop your language ability both quickly and effectively.
Our Standard Course guarantees a significant increase in your confidence in a foreign language, with focused teaching in all 4 skill areas----speaking, listening, reading and writing.
Our Intensive Course builds on our Standard Course, with 10 additional lessons per week, guaranteeing the fastest possible language learning (see table below).
Course Type Days Number of Lesson Course Timetable Standard Course Mon-Fri lessons Intensive Course Mon-Fri lessons 10lessons Evaluation
starting their programme. However, if this is not available, students sit the exam on the first Monday of their course.
Learning materials are provided to students throughout their course, and there will never be more than 15 participants in each class.
Arrivals and Transfer
Our programme offers the full package—students are take good care of from the start through to the very end. They are collected from the airport upon arrival and brought to their accommodation in comfort. We require the student’s full details at least 4 weeks in advance.
Meals/Allergies(过敏)/Special Dietary Requirements
Students are provided with breakfast, dinner and either a cooked or packed lunch(which consists of a sandwich, a drink and a dessert). Snacks outside of mealtimes may be purchased by the student individually.
We ask that you let us know of any allergies or dietary requirements as well as information about any medicines you take. Depending on the type of allergies and/ or dietary requirements, an extra charge may be made for providing special food.
36. How does Intensive Course differ from Standard Course?
A. It is less effective.
B. It focuses on speaking.
C. It includes extra lessons.
D. It give you confidence
37. When can a student attend Standard Course?
A. 13:00-14:30 Monday.
B. 9:00-12:30 Tuesday
C. 13:00-14:30 Friday.
D. 9:00-12:30 Saturday.
38. Before starting their programme, students are expected to _____.
A. take a language test
B. have an online interview
C. prepare learning materials
D. report their language levels
39. With the full package, the programme organizer is supposed to_____.
A. inform students of their full flight details
B. look after students throughout the programme
C. offer students free sightseeing trips
D. collect students’ luggage in advance
40. Which of the following may require an extra payment?
A. Cooked dinner.
B. Mealtime dessert.
C. Packed lunch.
D. Special diet.
B
Every man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone, not in features but in footsteps. As he grows you also age, and your ambitions become more unachievable. You begin to realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could probably accomplish what you hoped for. But footsteps can be muddied and they can go off in different directions.
My son Jody has hated school since day one in kindergarten. Science projects waited until the last moment. Book reports weren’t written until the final threat.
I’ve been a newspaperman all my adult life. My daughter is a university graduate working toward her master’s degree in English. But Jody? When he entered the tenth grade he became a “vo-tech” student(技校学生). They’re called “motorheads” by the rest of the student body.
When a secretary in my office first called him “motorhead”, I was shocked. “Hey, he’s a good kid,” I wanted to say. “And smart, really.”
I learned later that motorheads are, indeed, different. They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty work clothes. And they don’t often make school honor rolls(光荣榜).
But being the parent of a motorhead is itself an experience in education. We who labor in clean shirts in offices don’t have the abilities that motorheads have. I began to learn this when I had my car crashed. The cost to repair it was estimated at $800. “Hey, I can fix it,” said Jody. I doubted it , but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to lose.
My son ,with other motorheads, fixed the car. They got parts(零件)from a junkyard, non-toasting toaster have been fixed. Neighbours and co-workers trust their car repair to him.
Since that first repair job, a broken air-conditioner, a non-functioning washer and a non-toasting toaster have been fixed. Neighbors and co-workers trust their car repairs to him.
These kids are happiest when doing repairs. They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world. And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes.
I have learned a lot from my motorhead: publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects need builders. Most important, I have learned that fathers don’t need clones in footsteps or anywhere else.
My son may never make the school honor roll. But he made mine.
41. What used to be the author’s hope for his son?
A. To avoid becoming his clone.
B. To resemble him in appearance.
C. To develop in a different direction.
D. To reach the author’s unachieved goals.
42. What can we learn about the author’s children?
A. His daughter does better in school.
B. His daughter has got a master’s degree.
C. His son tried hard to finish homework.
D. His son couldn’t write his book reports.
43. The author let his son repair the car because he believed that_______.
A. His son had the ability to fix it.
B. it would save him much time.
C. it wouldn’t cause him any more loss
D. other motorheads would come to help.
44. In the author’s eyes, motorheads are _______.
A. tidy and hardworking
B. cheerful and smart
C. lazy but bright
D. relaxed but rude
45. What did the author realize in the end?
A. It is unwise to expect your child to follow your path.
B. It is important for one to make the honor roll.
C. Architects play a more important role than builders.
D. Motorheads have greater ability than office workers.
C
When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him. His parents always had him weeding the garden, carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers. But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates. He had more job satisfaction, a better marriage and was healthier. Most of all, he was happier. Far happier.
These are the findings of a 40-year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston. The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not. “Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence (能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society,” said George Vaillant, the psychologist (心理学家) who made the discovery. “And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.”
Vaillant’s study followed these males in great detail. Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47. Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men’s mental-health scores with their boyhood-activity scores with their boyhood-activity scores. Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school, and ability to deal with problems.
The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp. Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people, five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed. The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out. Working----at any age----is important. Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence---the underpinnings (基础) of emotional health. They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals. The most competent adults are those who know how to do this. Yet work isn’t everything. As Tolstoy once said, “One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one’s work.”
46. What do we know about John?
A. He enjoyed his career and marriage.
B. He had few childhood playmates.
C. He received little love from his family.
D. He was envied by others in his childhood.
47. Vaillant’s words in Paragraph 2 serve as _____.
A. a description of personal values and social values
B. an analysis of how work was related to competence
C. an example for parents’ expectations of their children
D. an explanation why some boys grew into happy men
48. Vaillant’s team obtained their findings by _____.
A. recording the boys’ effort in school
B. evaluating the men’s mental health
C. comparing different sets of scores
D. measuring the men’s problem solving ability
49. What does the underlined word “sharp” probably mean in Paragraph 4?
A. Quick to react
B. Having a thin edge
C. Clear and definite
D. sudden and rapid
50. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. competent adults know more about love than work.
B. Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.
C. Love brings more joy to people than work does.
D. Independence is the key to one’s success.
D
Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has. There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding.
We experience this tiredness in two ways: as start-up fatigue(疲惫) and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it has either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel.
Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first.
Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them in alphabetical(按字母顺序), never letting myself leave out a tough idea. And I always started the day’s work with the difficult task of essay-writing. Experience proved that the rule works.
Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can-then let the unconscious take over.
When planning Encyclopaedia Britannica (《大英百科全书》), I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Nothing like this had ever been done before, and day after dat I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked. My fatigue became almost unbearable.
One day, mentally exhausted, I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved. I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relived, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.
An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind. In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind provided correct at every step. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.
Human beings, I believe must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.
51. People with start-up fatigue are most likely to .
A. delay tasks
B. work hard
C. seek help
D. accept failure
52. What does the author recommend doing to prevent start-up fatigue?
A. Writing essays in strict order.
B. Building up physical strength.
C. Leaving out the toughest ideas.
D. Dealing with the hardest task first.
53. On what occasion does a person probably suffer from performance fatigue?
A. Before starting a difficult task.
B. When all the solutions fail.
C. If the job is rather boring.
D. After finding a way out.
54. According to the author, the unconscious mind may help us .
A. ignore mental problems
B. get some nice sleep
C. gain complete relief
D. find the right solution
55. What could be the best title for the passage?
A. Success Is Built upon Failure
B. How to Handle Performance Fatigue
C. Getting over Fatigue: A Way to Success
D. Fatigue: An Early Sign of Health Problems
绝密★启用前
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)
英 语 笔 试
第II卷
注意事项:
1.用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。
2.本卷共6小题,共35分。
第三部分: 写作
第一节:阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
阅读短文,并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
I’m a 34-year-old man, married, lived in a nice house, and have a successful career as an educational consultant. But my life was not always so great. I had a learning disability from an early age. I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help. Still, I suffered the rest of my school days in public schools.
My life improved remarkably when I discovered art. The art world gave me a chance to express myself without words. I went to a workshop and gradually got good at making things with clay(黏土). Here I learned my first important lesson: disabled as I was in language. I could still be smart and well express myself with clay. And my confidence came along.
I got my next lesson from rock climbing. It was a fun thing but I was scared from the start. I soon noticed it wasn’t a talent thing; it was practice. So I did it more. After about five years of climbing, I found myself in Yosemite Valley on a big wall. I learned that if you fall in love with something and do it all the time, you will get better at it.
Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write. Every day I practiced reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. After two hard years, I was literate.
Having gone through the long process with art, rock climbing, and reading and writing, now I’ve got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown, hard, but interesting.
56. What made the author’s school days difficult? (No more than 5 words)
57. Why did art give the author confidence? (No more than 10 words)
58. What lesson did the author learn from rock climbing? (No more than 15 words)
59. What is the meaning of the underlined part in Paragraph 4? (No more than 5 words)
60. How does the author’s story inspire you to overcome difficulties in life? Put it in your own words. (No more than 20 words)
第二节:书面表达(满分25分)
61.
假设你是晨光中学的学生会主席李津。一批来自英国的高中生与你校学生开展了为期两周的交流活动。现在,他们即将回国,你将在欢送会上致辞。请根据以下提示写一篇发言稿。
回顾双方的交流活动(如学习、生活、体育、文艺等方面);
谈谈收获或感情;
表达祝愿语期望。
注意:
词数不少于100;
可适当加入细节,是内容充实、行文连贯;
开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear friends,
How time flies!
Thank you.
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(天津卷)
英语笔试参考答案
第I卷
第一、二部分(Key to1--55)
1--5ABCAB 6--10BCADD 11--15BCDAD 16--20DBCDA 21--25BACCB 26--30CBADA 31--35CBADA 36--40CBABD 41--45DACBA 46--50ADCCB 51--55ADBDC
第II卷
第三部分 第一节
Some possible answers:
56.(His) learning disability. Or: Having a learning disability.
Or: That he was learning disabled. Or: He had a learning disability.
57.He could be smart and express himself with clay.
Or: Art could help him express himself without words.
Or: He could well express himself with clay/art.
58.If you enjoy something and keep doing it, you will get better at it.
Or: The more you practice something, the better at it you will become. Or: Practice makes perfect. Or: Practice leads to success.
59.I could read and write.
60.We should not lose heart in face of difficulties. If we work hard,we will find a way out. Or: The author’s story tells me that I should be confident and practice hard to overcome difficulties in my life.or:We should overcome our weakness and fears with courage and determination.
以上答案仅供参考
高考作文常用单词篇六
作文题: 读《毁树容易种树难》
仔细阅读下边这篇短文,写一篇读后感。要求做到:
1.观点正确,中心思想正确,紧扣原文发表感想,联系实际具体、恰当。
2.结构完整,段落层次清楚,语言通顺,标点正确,不写错别字。
3.注意书写格式,每个字占稿纸一格,标点写在格内。字数不要超过一千字。
4.字迹清楚,卷面整洁,否则扣分。
注意:本题要求写读后感,如果根据原文改写或扩写,则不给分。用诗歌形式写也不给分。
毁树容易种树难
杨树横着种可以活,倒着种也可以活,折断它再种仍然可以活。
可是,十个人种杨树,只要有一个人毁它,就没有一棵活杨树了。
种树的有十人之多,种的又是很容易活的杨树,却经不住一个人毁它。原因是什么?毁树容易种树难。
高考作文常用单词篇七
最后的战争
时光如飞鸟在草地上投下阴影,响箭在天空中划过倏忽而过的弧形,一切无影无踪。仿佛只是弹指一挥间,我便要投入这场看不见硝烟的战斗。
这是我们最后的战争。寒窗十二载,只为这一战。
蓦然回首,许多东西已经静静溜走。不再回头的,不只是那古老的晨光,那浓浓的咖啡,也不只是那些夜晚的群星和月亮,还有我们在流逝的青春。
我透过那些少年们棱角日渐分明的面孔,清楚地看到成长给我们的脸庞留下了怎样的吻痕。
我忍不住落泪,因了这淡淡的酸酸的感觉。
赴宴
其实高考很像一个宴会,而且华美至极。
为了这个宴会,我们已经精心预备十二载。
怀着激动亦或悲壮的心情,我们盛装赴宴,义无反顾。
在这个华丽的宴会上,我们欢歌笑语,翩翩起舞。自我的风采被展现得淋漓尽致。人人都是笑靥如花,心中仿佛盛满了蜜。
坐在考场中奋笔疾书,想起警戒线外还有一群人以海枯石烂的姿势屹立,仿佛历经沧海桑田也不会改变,他们在等待着我们凯旋,心中不由多了几分甜蜜。
曲终人散
天下没有不散的筵席,即使华美如高考也不例外。
天空飘飞的雨丝如同凌乱的心绪。"总说毕业遥遥无期,转眼就各奔东西",有人说,毕业就是一窗玻璃,我们要撞碎它,然后擦着锋利的碎片走过去,血肉模糊之后开始一个完全不同的人生。
我们没有欢笑,也没有拥抱,只是记忆和花朵在这漫长的夏日疼痛。
年少的我们总是有些轻狂,有些张扬。校园里,花香铺满了从宿舍通往教室的小径。樱花烂漫,山茶火红,还有晶莹雪白的碎花,像一颗颗未经沾染的心,毫无遮掩地开满枝头,宛如满天辰星。那是花开的时节,姹紫嫣红,千娇百媚。花太香,心事太迷惘,我们坐在花的影子里看长长的光柱,看光柱里的尘埃,旋转,旋转,渐渐消散--
眼前的一切还在,对于我们的不辞而别,它们不诉离伤。只有我们的心里存着轻轻的离别的苦涩。
一场华美的宴会,终于曲终,人散。
从此刻起程
不要睡去,不要
亲爱的,路还很长
不要靠近森林的诱惑
不要失掉希望
我将在那儿
守护你倦怠的梦想
赶开一群群黑夜
只剩下铜鼓和太阳
高考作文常用单词篇八
仔细阅读下面这篇短文,联系自己的实际情况,写一篇读后感。要求做到:
(1)观点正确,中心思想明确,紧扣原文发表感想,联系自己的事例要具体、恰当。
(2)结构完整,段落层次清楚,语言通顺,标点正确,不写错别字。
(3)注意书写格式,每个字占稿纸一格,每标点也占一格。字数最多不得超过一千字,否则扣分。
(4)字迹清楚,卷面整洁,否则扣分。注意:本题要求写读后感,如果根据原文改写或扩写,则不给分。用诗歌形式写也不给分。
画蛋
达?芬奇(公元1452-1519年)是欧洲文艺复兴时期意大利一位卓越的画家。他从小爱好绘画,父亲送他到当时意大利的名城佛罗伦萨,拜名画家佛罗基奥为师。老师不是先教他创作什么作品,而是要他从画蛋入手。他画了一个又一个,足足画了十几天。老师见他有些不耐烦了,对他说:不要以为画蛋容易。要知道,一千个蛋当中从来没有两个是形状完全相同的;即使是同一个蛋,只要变换一下角度去看,形状也就不同了。比方说,把头抬高一点看,或者把眼睛放低一点看,这个蛋的椭圆形轮廓就会有差异。所以,要在画纸上把它完善地表现出来,非得下一番苦功不可。佛罗基奥还说:反复地练习画蛋,就是严格训练用眼睛细致地观察形象,用手准确地描绘形象;做到手眼一致,不论画什么就都能得心应手了。后来芬奇用心学习素描,经过长期的艰苦的艺术实践,终于创作出许多不朽的名画,成为一代宗师。
作文题:读《画蛋》有感
高考作文常用单词篇九
2017高考时间表及高考注意事项
2017高考时间表发布,全国普通高校招生统一主要集中于6月7日(星期三)至9日(星期五)举行。北京市2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试将于6月7、8日(星期三、星期四)进行。上海市2017年普通高校招生统一考试将于6月7日(星期三)至9日(星期五)举行。6月9日为外语听说测试。
以下是各地高考具体时间表:
高考注意事项有哪些?
高考注意事项一:进场流程
由于高考的严肃性,一部分心理调节差的考生可能出现紧张情绪,特别是监考老师拿着金属探测器在我身上扫描检测时,感觉很紧张,总担心自己无意中带进了什么违纪物品,导致金属探测器报警。考生在入场检查前需妥善处置通讯工具、金属类物品,尽量不要穿带有金属饰品的衣服,以免影响入场时间。
高考注意事项二:路线今年高考正赶上我市大规模建桥修路,考生和家长应趁验考场的机会,找出从家到考场的最佳路线,尽量避开那些道路维修或平日车流量较大的路段。如果遇到突发状况,要立即向交警求助,相信是会帮到你的。
高考注意事项三:桌椅和考试位置验考场时,考生可以知道自己在考场的具体座位,建议考生顺便检查一下桌椅的高度是否合适,上、下午考试时阳光是否会直射自己的座位,如有任何问题,可以向监考老师提出,请求帮忙解决。
高考注意事项四:是否携带违规用品往年验考场时,总有不少同学携带手机等违纪物品进入考场。很多同学认为,反正只是验考场,不是真正的高考,“明天我不带不就行了么。”其实,验考场是对高考各个环节的一次演练,建议考生就将其当做真正的高考,一切按高考当天的要求来,不该带的违纪物品验考场时就不要带。特别要提醒考生注意的是,今年手机等具有发射、接收功能的设备只要带入考场就算违纪,各科、各阶段成绩无效;情节严重者最高暂停参加各种国家教育考试3年此外,考生不允许带手表入场,考试时考场内统一配备石英钟。
高考注意事项五:时间趁验考场的时候计算一下从家到考场的时间,在此基础上,再打出20分钟左右的提前量,这样基本上能够保证高考当日准时到达考场。高考当日,考生应提前半小时左右到考点。如遇堵车等特殊情况,可向交警求助。
炒金如何赚钱专家免费指导银行黄金白银TD开户指南银行黄金白银模拟交易软件金投网桌面行情报价工具高考注意事项六:备考物品是否带齐历年总有考生在高考当日忘记带准考证、身份证等考试用品,其实这一点完全可以在高考前一天验考场时先进行一次演练。今年省招生部门要求考生只可以携带招生部门发放的高考用品,一定程度上减少了考生自己准备考试用品的麻烦。
高考注意事项七:听力设备高考前,相关部门已对城区和各县(市)各考场的听力设备效果逐一测试过几遍,目前各考点外语听力设备及播放效果已全部达到合格标准。验考场时,考生须对听力设备效果进行测试,按照往年的规定,每个考场位置在四个角落的同学要在听力效果测试书上签字。
高考注意事项八:身体有恙须说明每年高考,总有个别骨折、出水痘的特殊考生,对于这部分考生,考点工作人员会提供人性化服务,经请示招生部门准许后,可为其开通“绿色通道”,如允许骨折的特殊考生提前进入考点休息,或为出水痘的特殊考生启用备用考场等等。如有上述骨折、出水痘等特殊情况的考生,一定要在验考场时主动向监考人员说明情况。
高考作文常用单词篇十
细续下面这篇文章,把它改写成一篇“陈伊玲的故事”。要求做到:
1.按原文内容写一篇以陈伊玲为中心的记叙文,不要另外编造情节,不要写成《第二次考试》的缩写,否则扣分。如写成诗歌、读后感之类,均不给分。
2.要有明确的中心思想;注意材料的剪裁和组织。
3.层次清楚,结构完整。
4.语言通顺,标点正确,不写错别字。
5.字数以六七百字为好,最多不得超过八百字(包括标点),否则扣分。
6.注意书写格式,每个字占稿纸一格,每个标点也占一格。
第二次考试
声乐专家苏林教授发现了一件奇怪的事情:在这次参加考试的二百多名考生中,有一个二十岁的女生陈伊玲,初试时的成绩十分优异,声乐、视唱、练耳和乐理都列入优等;尤其是她的音色美丽、音域宽广,令人赞叹。而复试时却使人大失所望。苏林教授一生桃李满天下,但这样年轻而又有才华的学生还是第一个,这样的事情也还是第一次碰到。
那次公开的考试是在一间古色古香的大厅里举行的。当陈伊玲镇静地站在考试委员会的几位声乐专家面前,唱完了冼星海的那支有名的《二月里来》时,专家们不由得互相递了递赞赏的眼色。按照规定,应试者还要唱一支外国歌曲,她唱的是意大利歌剧《蝴蝶夫人》中的咏叹调《有一个良辰佳日》。她那灿烂的音色和深沉的感情惊动了四座。一向以要求严格闻名的苏林教授也颔首赞许,在他严峻的眼光里,隐藏着一丝微笑。大家都注视着陈伊玲:嫩绿色的绒线上衣,咖啡色的西裤,宛如春天早晨一株亭亭玉立的小树。在众目睽睽下,这个本来从容自若的姑娘也不禁有点困惑了。
复试是在一星期后举行的。录取与否取决于此。它将决定一个人的终身事业。经过初试这一关,剩下的人现在已寥寥无几,而复试将在更加严格的要求下进行,本市有名的音乐界人士都到了。这些考试委员和旁听者在评选时几乎都带着苛刻的挑剔神气。但是大家都认为,如果合乎录取条件的一个人,那么这人无疑应该是陈伊玲。
谁知道事情却出乎意料之外。陈伊玲是参加复试的最后一个人,唱的还是那两支歌,可是声音发涩,毫无光彩,听起来前后判若两人。是因为怯场、心慌,还是由于身体不适,影响声音?人们甚至怀疑到她的生活作风是否有不够慎重的地方!在座的人面面相觑,大家带着询问和疑惑的眼光望着她。虽然她掩饰不住脸上的困倦,一双聪颖的眼睛显得黯然无神,那顽皮的嘴角也流露出一种无法诉说的焦急,可是就整个看来,她是明朗、坦率的,可以使人信任的。她抱歉地对大家笑笑,飘然走了。
苏林教授显然是大为生气了。他一向认为,要做一个真正为人民所爱戴的艺术家,首先要是一个高尚的人,一个各方面都能成为表率的人!这样一个自暴自弃的女孩子,是永远也不能成为有成就的歌唱家的!他生气地侧过头去望着窗外。这个城市刚刚受到一次严重的台风袭击,窗外断枝残叶狼藉满地,整排竹篱倾倒在满是积水的地上,一片惨淡的景象。
考试委员会对陈伊玲有两种意见:一种认为陈伊玲的声音极不稳定、扎实,很难造就;另一种则认为可以让她再试一次。苏林教授有他自己的看法,他觉得重要的是造成他先后两次声音悬殊的根本原因是什么。如果问题在于她对事业和生活的态度,尽管禀赋再好,也不能录取她!这是一切条件中的首要条件!
可是究竟是什么原因呢?
苏林教授从秘书那里取来陈伊玲的报名单,在填着地址的那一栏上,他用红铅笔画了一条粗线。表格上的那张报名照片是一张朝气蓬勃、逗人喜欢的脸,小而好看的嘴,明快单纯的眼睛,笑起来鼻翼稍稍皱起的鼻子,这一切都像是在提醒这位声乐专家,不能用任何简单的方式对待一个人――一个有活力、有思想、有感情的人。至少眼前这个姑娘的某些具体情况是这张简单的表格上所看不到的。如果这一次落选了,也许这个人终其一生就和音乐分手了。她的天才可能从此就被埋没。情况如果是这样,那他是绝对不能原谅自己的。
第二天,苏林教授乘早上第一班电车出发,根据报名单上的地址,好容易找到了杨树浦的那条偏僻的马路。他进了弄堂,不由得吃了一惊。
那弄堂里有些墙垣都已倾塌,烧焦的梁柱呈现一片可怕的黑色,断瓦残垣中间时或露出焦黄的破布碎片,所有这些说明了这条弄堂不仅受到了台风破坏,而且显然发生过火灾。就在这瓦砾场上,有些人大清早就在忙碌着清理什么。
苏林教授手持纸条,不知从何处找起,忽然听见对面的楼窗口,有一个孩子有事没事地张口唱着:
“咪――咿――咿――咿――,吗――啊――啊――啊――”仿佛歌唱家在练声似的。苏林教授不禁微笑了:“这准是她的家!”他猜对了,那孩子敢情就是陈伊玲的弟弟。
从孩子嘴里知道:他姐姐是个转业军人,从文工团回来的,到了上海被分配在工厂里担任行政工作,她是个共青团员,又积极又热心,不管厂里也好,里弄里也好,有事找陈伊玲准没有错!两三天前,这里因为台风造成电线走火,烧坏了不少房子。陈伊玲为了安置灾民,忙得整夜没睡,影响了嗓子。第二天刚好是她复试的日子,她说了声:“糟糕!”还是去参加考试了。
这就是全部经过。
“瞧,她还在那儿忙着哪!”孩子向窗外扬了扬手说:“我叫她!我去叫她!”
“不用了。请转告你姐姐,她的第二次考试已经录取了!”
苏林教授从陈伊玲家里出来,走得很快。他心里想着:这个女孩子完全有条件成为一个优秀的歌唱家,我几乎犯了一个错误!这天早晨,有什么使人感动的东西充溢在他胸口,他想赶紧回去把陈伊玲的故事告诉每一个人。
(何为原作,有改动。)
作文题:陈伊玲的故事
高考作文常用单词篇十一
940万人赴战高考 浙沪迎来全国首批新高考考生
新浪教育讯 2017高考今日拉开帷幕,940万考生今日开考。今年高考,四川省正式加入全国卷阵营,除了浙江、山东和海南三省有部分自主命题外,全国仅有北京、天津、上海以及江苏四个省市的高考为全部科目自主命题。
恢复高考40年 高校录取率从5%跃升至75%
从1977年恢复高考至今,全国的高校录取率从最初的5%跃升至现在的75%左右,40年里翻了15倍。与上涨的高校录取率呈鲜明对比的是一些省市的高考人数持续下滑,据统计,2017年目前已公布高考人数的23个省区中有11个省区的报考人数有所下滑,而江苏省继去年下滑了3万多人之后,今年报考人数相较去年又下滑了3万多人。
面对我国高考目前的形势,教育部今年下达通知,确保各地高考录取率不降低,确保省际高考录取率差距进一步缩小,确保重点高校招收农村和贫困地区的学生人数进一步增加,确保中央部委所属高校本科招生总规模和投放到各省份的招生计划总量不降低,确保实现国家年度高等教育事业发展宏观管理目标。
除了高考,升学的方式也越加多元,高考已不是高中生唯一的出路。今年,南京外国语学校有270余名同学被美国、英国、加拿大、法国等国家的大学录取,选择在本科就出国留学的高中生已渐渐多了起来。随着民众生活水准的不断提高,会有越来越多的家庭会选择出国留学这样的道路。
浙沪最先迎来全国首批新高考考生
2017年被称为新高考元年。浙江、上海作为在2014年就开始进行试点的省区,2017年将迎来全国首批新高考考生。
新高考改革打破了传统文理分科的局限,它让考生和家长更为重视自身的特长学科选择而不是原先的相同学科竞争,据统计,浙江今年参加高考的学生选“纯文”的约11%,选“纯理”的近20%,选“2文1理”或“2理1文”的近70%。
除此之外,选拔标准的多元、招生通道的拓宽、每年两次的报考机会均为考生提供了更加多元和自主的选择机会,同时也在一定程度上加大了考生和家长的负担,迫使考生和家长在报考志愿时要备足功课,详细了解报考的院校及专业。
关于新高考,您怎么看?诚邀您做一份新高考调查问卷,点击参与调查。
众多省市批次有所调整
近两年,有很多省份开始逐渐实施合并录取批次的改革。
截止2016年,全国已有浙江、四川、湖北、广东等十多个省市将二三本批次进行合并录取。上海则是直接取消了所有本科录取批次划分,实行本科普通批次统一录取。
从2017年开始,北京、河南、江苏、安徽将合并本科二批与本科三批录取;山东、海南将合并本科一批和本科二批录取,形成本科统一录取批次;浙江新的录取方案则取消录取批次划分,所有高校实行“同台”无差别竞争,考生分段进行录取。
国防生退出历史舞台 人工智能接棒飙戏
同样是在2017年,国防部新闻局表示,从今年起不再从普通高中毕业生中定向招收国防生,也不再从在校大学生中考核选拔国防生,逐步调整为面向地方院校毕业生直接选拔招录。这也就意味着,存在于知名高校的国防生团体正式退出历史舞台,如果有意向报考国防生的考生要早作打算,合理应变。
人工智能才在围棋领域大出风头,现在又开始进军高考试题了。据悉,成都某公司研发的一款人工智能系统AI-MATHS将作为“数学高考机器人”,挑战6月7日的2017年高考数学卷。而在此前,该机器人便凭靠100套试卷、1.2万道题的训练量取得了高考数学模拟卷93分的成绩。
高考作文常用单词篇十二
1999年全国高考作文题《假如记忆可以移植》是一道想象型作文题,旨在考查学生的想象力和创新力。由于平时缺乏创造性思维能力的有效训练,不少学生一时不知从何下笔。其实,只要我们懂得一点想象作文的构思方法,就可使思路八方洞开,心弛神往,“无”中生有,写出立意新颖独特、富有创造性的妙文佳作来。
下面介绍两种想象作文常用的构思方法:
1.时空转换法
所谓“时空转换法”即跨越时空的限制,突破现实与环境的局限;上下五千年,纵横八万里;让时光倒流或“预支”;让天地浓缩或扩展。例如《盘古开天辟地》的神话把我们带到了洪荒时代的混沌世界;而多年前的考题《2000年回到母校》又让我们提前进入未来世界。人世间的悲喜剧也可以搬到缥缈的天宫的孙悟空,其实就是农民起义领袖的化身;那把海底龙宫搅得天翻地覆的哪吒,不正是现实生活中少年英雄的写照吗?运用时空转换法进行想象作文构思立意,可以拓宽思维的空间,为创造性想象开辟广阔的天地。例如今年高考作文题,如运用时空转换法进行创造性想象就可以这相构思:
假如记忆可以移植,我们就可以穿越“时间隧道”回到洪荒时代,把祖先的记忆移植过来,去解开人类起源、恐龙消失、埃及金字塔等千古之谜。
假如记忆可以移植,我们可以穿越“时间隧道”,把曹雪芹的记忆移植过来,续写完《红楼梦》的后四十回;把马克思、列宁、爱因期坦、牛顿等伟人的记忆移植过来,让他们博大精深的智慧和思想代代相传,永留世间。
2.角色错位法
人生是个大舞台,一个人在社会生活中,场合不同,扮演的角色也不同。如果改换一个人的身份和地位,让他变成与原来完全相反的另外一个人,即角色错位,那么就可以导演出一幕幕新的人间悲喜剧,演绎出一个个新的“天方夜谭”。如《王子与贫儿》就是运用角色错位法构思的有趣故事:一个养尊处优的王子一下子沦为乞丐,而一位穷小子却突然被当成了王子。两种生活的巨大反差,揭露了当时社会贫富悬殊的不合理现实。又如前几年,有位中学生在《假如我是武汉市市长》的作文中,大胆地提出了建设新武汉的设想,得到了当时武汉市市长的高度赞扬,这位中学生也是运用了“角色错位法”来展开创造性想象的。如运用“角色错位法”对今年高考作文题进行创造性想象就可以这样构思:假如记忆可以移植,我要把中华民族一百年来的屈辱史和中国人民不屈不挠、前仆后继的斗争史的这段刻骨铭心的记忆移植到我们年轻一代的身上,让炎黄子孙永远记住“落后就要挨打”的血的教训,为祖国的富强、民族的兴旺而奋斗。
假如记忆可以移植,我要把在罪恶的战争中失去了家园的切肤之痛、失去了亲人的椎心之痛、丧失了生活能力的伤心之痛的惨痛记忆,移植到战争狂人的煎熬,反省自己的滔天罪行,唤起民众,消灭战争,让世界不再有战争的硝烟……
运用“角色错位法”进行构思,要注意从正面立意,如果把自己错位成名家大款,躺在别人的成就上睡大觉而不思进取;或模拟大款成天吃喝玩乐,成为社会的“寄生虫”,就会产生消极影响。
此外,要想写出高水平的想象作文,仅仅掌握几种构思方法是不够的,还要注意拓宽自己的知识领域、广泛涉猎多门科学知识、关心时事,放眼世界,注重想象力和创造力的培养,只有这样,才能文思泉涌,写出既出人意料之外,又在情理之中的想象作文的佳作。
高考作文常用单词篇十三
写一件事情,想清楚了事情的六要素,有了完整的内容,也确定了文章的中心。安排好了详略,还应该采用一种合适的叙事方法,才能把事写好。常用的叙事方法有顺叙、倒叙和插叙。
(1)顺叙。
什么是顺叙?按照事情发生、发展的过程和时间的先后从头讲到尾的就叫顺叙。这种叙事方法最简单,也最常用,是写事的主要方法。运用顺叙的写法,文章的层次段落和事情发展的过程基本一致,所以写起来容易把文章写得条理清楚、脉络分明。
运用顺叙,要注意剪裁得当,重点突出。否则,容易出现罗列现象、平铺直叙的毛病,叫人读起来索然寡味。
课文《第一次跳伞》就是运用顺叙的方法写的。它顺着跳伞这件事固有的次序,写了“到机场”、“飞机起飞”、“跳伞”、“着陆后”等全过程。其中着重写了“跳伞经过”:准备跳伞一跳出机舱→飘在空中→双脚着地。也是按事情发展的实际过程顺叙,写得有条不紊。更重要的是:全文能紧扣“第一次”跳伞所特有的感受来写,在顺叙中突出重点。“飞机起飞”时重点写了在空中看地面的新奇感觉;“跳伞经过”着重写在半空中看到些什么、听到些什么、想到些什么;“着陆后”主要写愉快轻松的心情。经过这样剪裁处理,避免了顺叙的文章容易出现的“平铺直叙”的弊病。
(2)倒叙。
什么是倒叙?在记叙事情的时候,有时把事情的结果放在开头写,然后再从事情的开始进行叙述,这就叫倒叙。这种叙述,除了把事情的结果提前外,其他跟顺叙没有区别。使用这种方法叙述事情,一般地说有这样两个目的:一是先写出事情的结果,后文紧紧围绕这个结果写,使文章紧凑不散;二是为了引起人们的注意,先把结果端在人们的面前,以引发人们读下去的兴趣。
课文《十六年前的回忆》就是这样写的。它的开头是:
一九二七年四月二十八日,我永远忘不了那一天。那是父亲的被难日,离现在已经十六年了。
作者在这篇文章的开头先写她的父亲(李大钊同志)去世了,这是这篇文章中事情的结果。人们读了这一小段,不禁会想:李大钊同志是怎样被捕的呢?他在敌人的法庭上表现得怎么样?文章采用了倒叙手法,在读者心中造成强烈的悬念。然后接下去,作者再用顺叙的方法回过头来写李大钊被捕的前后经过,一直写到他为革命光荣牺牲,使文章产生更显著的感人效果。
运用倒叙写法是从思想内容表达的需要出发的。我们不能把事情的结果随便提到前边,应该是这个结果特别打动人,才把它放在开头写,这样文章能一下子吸引住读者,想知道究竟是什么原因造成这样的结果。另外,运用倒叙写法,要注意倒叙与顺叙的衔接自然,注意结尾与开头照应,这样文章才显得严谨。
(3)插叙。
什么是插叙?就是在叙述事情的过程中,中间插入另一段叙述,这另一段叙述就叫插叙。插叙有时是一件过去的事,有时是另外一件事,它对情节的发展、内容的丰富起补充作用。
例如课文《草地夜行》一文,在写老红军战士找到掉队的小战士,帮助他追赶大部队时,插叙了一段“金寨大暴动”前,小战士村里来了几个“卖帽子的”内容。这段插叙既交代了老红军战士是一个很早就参加革命的同志,长征前就参加过有名的“金寨大暴动”,并在暴动前以卖帽子为掩护,进行革命的宣传鼓动;同时也交代了小战士是在革命根据地成长起来的,从小受到革命的熏陶和教育。除了对主要人物身份作了进一步交代外,这段插叙还是情节发展的需要,说明了小战士由生老红军的气转为对他敬佩的原因。这段插叙与文章中心吻合,恰到好处,所以读来并不感到是节外生枝,只感到是非如此写不可。
运用插叙的时候,插叙部分的前后都应巧妙而自然地用文字交代一下(即运用过渡句),以便读的人明白什么地方开始了插叙,什么地方插叙已经完毕。插叙结束后,文章仍要回到中心事件的叙述上去。请看作家洪汛涛写的《蛇医传》中的一个范例。
(老汉把手指让蛇咬一口,手臂大肿。他立即用草药敷上,肿就退了。)看热闹的人,都大声地叫好,张土根更惊得呆住了,这使他想起三年前的一件事来:
那是一个灰云迷蒙的早晨,四明山浸在白茫茫的雾水里。看不见对面的行人,也看不清脚下的路。他跟隔壁的周宝六去金鸡岭扒柴。他们昂着头,一边唱着小曲,一边走。走过一个山垄,冷不防“飕”的一声,从斜里窜出一条手秤杆那样粗的大蛇,那也是一条绿绿的五步蛇呀!它在宝六的脚趾上咬了一口。宝六,她没走出三步,人就痛得晕在地上了。张土根急得高声喊:“救命!”但等到人们赶到,把她抬回家里,伤势已经很重。请了医生看,也没办法,说:“晚了,要是在刚咬的时候,把脚趾剁掉就有救了。”这样,十二岁的周宝六,大叫大嚷,在地上翻来覆去地爬了一夜,死了。……
张土根想到这里,打了个寒噤。
那老汉,把手上的草药拿掉了,皮肤已恢复原来的颜色,只留下米大的一个小红点。他拍拍胸脯,向周围的人介绍自己
插入的这段叙述,是后边写张土根决心拜老汉为师甘当蛇医的根本原因,它对故事情节起了补充说明的作用,从而更好地表现了中心思想。这段插叙前后都有交代语句。插叙前是这样写的:“张土根更惊得呆住了,这使他想起三年前的一件事来”;插叙后是这样写的:“张土根想到这里,打了个寒噤”。这些前后交代的语句,使读者一看,就会明白这部分是插叙。插叙完后,文章又接着开头老汉当众表演自己被蛇咬伤而治好的场面写下去,显得很自然。
插叙和倒叙不同。插叙往往是一个片断,文字一般较简略,它不是文章的主要部分;倒叙是把事情的结果放在开头写,它是文章的主要部分。