2011年上海语文高考作文题目是“梦想的力量”，考生需围绕梦想的力量展开思考。在作文中，考生可以讲述自己的梦想是什么，为实现梦想付出了什么努力，以及梦想给自己带来的力量和改变。这个题目旨在鼓励考生追求梦想，坚持不懈。
第一篇
周末，我回到了“阔别”三月的家。
天下高三一般忙，周六不休息，周日休半天。春节后，我再没回过家。家在百里之外的深山里，回家一趟不容易。再过几天就要高考了，学校放了两天假，让学生放松一下，以待最后一搏。同学们归心似箭，周末一放学，顿“作鸟兽散”。
我坐在长途班车上，恨不得汽车飞起来;一下车，步履匆匆地踏上一条羊肠路，走五六分钟，就可以看见半山腰上的“土坯房”了。
那土坯房，就是我的家。我家五口人一直住在那间老屋里。三十多年的风霜雨雪，把它剥蚀得满目疮痍。这些年，富起来的农民越来越多，漂亮的“小洋楼”鳞次栉比，把山村点缀得如同别墅区一般富丽堂皇。渐渐地，我家的老屋竟成了村里最后一座土坯房，丑陋无比，有碍观瞻。我家又是山村的制高点，这样就有点滑稽，成了“鸡立鹤群”。奇怪的是，父亲是挣钱的好把式，干活不惜力气，又有技术，但父亲就是迟迟不盖新房。乡亲们说父亲是个守财奴，舍不得花钱。听到这些善意的挖苦，手巧口拙的父亲付之一笑，啥话也不说。我也不理解，早几年负担重，风烛残年的爷爷奶奶常看病，现在日子好过了，父亲还是按兵不动，真不知他葫芦里装的什么药。
转过一道弯，奇迹出现了——土坯房竟然消失了，代之而起的是一座“小洋楼”，雪白的墙体，蓝色的屋顶，在夕阳下熠熠生辉……
我先是目瞪口呆，继而惊喜地往家跑，顾不得“窈窕淑女”的形象，像个野小子。
三月不见，家人亲热得不行，父母弟妹围上来，这个说我胖了，那个说我廋了，这个说我白了，那个说我黑了。我应付几句，赶紧屋里屋外看新房。
这是一座两层小楼。外墙贴着洁白的瓷砖，崭新如洗;室内装修简洁而美观，地板光可鉴人，天花板上悬挂着华美的灯饰，雍容典雅……母亲一边陪我参观一边说：“你爸早就想盖房了，可盖房子动静大，怕影响你学习，咱上高中图啥呢?不就是图考上大学吗?……你三个月不回家，你爸就趁这个机会动工了，他不让对你说，怕你读书不安心，老想着回家帮忙。”
是啊，家里大兴土木，谁都不得安宁。父亲口齿木讷却心细如发。我心头涌起一股暖流，弥漫到全身，不由得往父亲怀里钻，脑袋在那宽厚的胸口上贴了好久，像在聆听父亲的心跳。
夜晚，我躺在舒适的席梦思床上，浮想联翩。随着我家新楼的竣工，村里最后一座土坯房成了历史的陈迹。一滴水可以反射太阳的光辉，我家是亿万中国农民家庭的缩影。试看今日之中国，像我家这样的农民家庭不知有多少。他们的生活发生了巨变，与新时期以前的农民不可同日而语……
想着，想着，我眼前出现了幻觉——
在学校举行的才艺选拔大赛上，我声情并茂地唱了两支歌后，主持人考我一个老气横秋的问题：“改革开放以来，中国富强了，请你用一句话概括中国经济发展的特点。”
我不假思索地回答：“亿万农民过上了小康生活，这就是中国经济发展的特点!”
哗，台下响起暴风雨般的掌声……
第二篇
绝密 ★ 启用前
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试语文
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。第Ⅰ卷1至4页，第Ⅱ卷5至 9页。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷
注意事项
答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚,并帖好条形码。请认真核准条形码的准考证号、姓名和科目。
每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。
本试卷共10小题，每小题3分，共30分。在每小题 给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合要求。
一、（12分，每小题3分）
1．下列词语中加点的字，读音全都正确的一组是
A．菁华（qīng） 宁可（nìng） 冠心病（guān） 翘首回望（qiáo）
B. 吐蕃（fān） 庇护（bǐ） 歼击机（jiān） 呱呱坠地（gū）
C. 请帖（tiě） 梵文（fán） 发横财（hèng） 按捺不住（nà）
D．链接（liàn） 创口（chuāng） 倒春寒（dào） 拈花惹草（niān）
2．下列各项中，加点的成语使用不恰当的一项是
A．邻里之间的是非大多是由日常生活中的一些琐屑小事引起的，不必寻根究底，你们还是大事化小，小事化了吧。
B．身处春秋鼎盛的时代，我们这些身强体壮的青年应该奋发有为，积极向上，刻苦学习，为国家和社会多作贡献。
C．这位代表说的虽不是什么崇论宏议，但他的话发自肺腑，句句实在，没有套话和假话，因此我们更加重视。
D．今年有四到六成的作品流拍，成交总额同比减少一半，这说明以往超过底价数十倍成交的火爆场面已成明日黄花。
3.下列各句中，没有语病的一句是
A．引起世界关注的甲型流感病毒虽然不易致命，但传播速度快，如果不想办法找到它的演变原理，病情很容易迅速蔓延，给人类健康带来巨大威胁。
B．3月5日那天，我市万名青年志愿者走上街头学雷锋活动，这次活动的总口号是“弘扬雷锋精神，参与支援行动，服务青年创业，建设和谐城市”。
C．社区主任接受采访时表示，去年大家做了很多调解工作，今年会更多地为受到情感和生活困扰的人提供帮助，让他们不再那么痛苦、那么不知所措。
D．这次发展论坛在上海举行，参加论坛的中外各界人士在论坛期间就环境保护、人才培养、普及教育等众多议题为期两天发表意见并进行各种交流。
4 依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句，衔接最恰当的一组是
狗是忠义、勇敢而又聪明的动物。_________，___________。__________，___________ 。___________，___________。使狗成为人的得力助手。
①专门训练军犬、警犬，把狗用于军事、案件侦破等方面
②它的嗅觉细胞数量是人的24倍，可以分辨大约两万种不同的气味
③比如牧民的狗，为了保护羊群，敢于同恶狼猛斗
④人们充分利用狗的这种特殊的天赋
⑤狗可以听到10万赫兹以上的声音
⑥代替主人做一些危险的事
A.③②①⑥④⑤ B.③⑥⑤②④①
C．⑤④①③②⑥ D.⑤②④⑥①③
二、（9分，每小题3分）
阅读下面的文字，完成5~7题。
甲骨文的：王“字基本上可以分为两种形式，一各上面不加一横，董作宾称之为”不戴帽子的王“（图1~3），见于于武丁卜辞和武乙、文丁卜辞，另一种上面有一横，为“戴帽子的王”（图4~6），行用于其他各时期。孙诒让《契文举例》所依据的刘鹗《铁云基藏龟》以武丁卜辞最多，其中的“王”字，孙诒让释为“立”，卜辞无法通读。到罗振玉的《殷墟书契考释》才释出此字。罗振玉首先把《说文解字》所收的古文和全文进行对比，释出“戴帽子的”是“王”字；接着指出，其异体作省其上画的形式，“亦‘王’字”，“且据所载诸文观之，无不谐也。”
“王”字释出来了，使一大批卜辞可以读通，也证实了这是殷王室的遗物。但是这个字的构成一直困扰着古文学家们。有的说，此字像一个顶天立地的大人，所以是“王”；也有人说下面像火，火盛像王德，故以为“王”。如此等等，其说不一。直到1936年，吴其昌根据青铜器丰王斧的铭文和器形，并列举甲骨文、全文很多“王”字的写法，第一次提出“王字之本义，斧也”，才解决了这一问题。
从字形看，“王”字是横置的斧钺的象形。从甲骨文、金文（图7~9）的写法中还可以看出，最下一笔的初形不是平宜的“一”，而是具有孤刃之形，上端的一横或两横像柄或多属斧钺或多属斧钺阑。“王”字像斧钺之形是因为“王”这个称号是从氏族社会的军事首领演化来的，国家出现以后，才成为最高统治者的专名。而斧钺正是军事统率权的象征，在原始社会晚期的军事首领墓葬中，曾掘出随葬的玉钺、石钺，其遗风一直延续到夏、商、周三代，《史记•殷本纪》记载，殷王曾封周族首领姬昌为西伯，“赐弓斧钺“，授予他对周围小国的征伐之权。
那么为什么一定要用横置的斧钺呢，这也是由这产生的时代决定的。横置是斧钺实施砍杀功能的状态，而最早军事首领的权力只限于战场上。荷马时代的希腊人领袖握有的权力不大，亚里士德说：“假如阿伽门农王获得在战场上杀死逃兵的权力，那么在战后的评议会上却只能忍受责骂。”这就是“王：要用一个正在执行斩杀的横置斧钺来表示的原因。
但这一切距离许慎太遥远了，《说文解字》“王：字下说：“古之造文者，三画而边其中谓之王。三者，天、地、人也，而参通之者，王也。”这显然是后人的臆测了。
（摘编自罗琨《甲骨文解谜》）
5.下列理解，不符合原文意思的一项是
A.在甲骨文中，所谓“戴帽子的”和“不戴帽子的”“王”字，是指“王”字最上面有没有一横。
B.罗振玉通过比较《说文解字》的古文“王”字和金文“王”字，释读出了甲骨文的“王”字。
C.对于“王 ”字的形体构造有种种说法，最后吴其昌提出“王”是斧钺的象形，才解决了这一问题。
D.古代只有氏族社会的军事首领才拥有斧钺，所以人们采用斧钺之形的“王”字来表示军事首领。
6. 下列理解和分析，不符合原文意思的一项是
A.所谓“且据所载诸文观之，无不谐也”，是说“王”字释读出来以后，含有“王”字的句子可以读通了，没有不顺畅的。
B.斧钺作为随葬品的遗风一直延续到夏、商、周三代，始终可以被置放在军事首领和最高统治者的墓葬中。
C.亚里士多德的话是说，荷马时代希腊啊伽门农王的权利仅限于战场上，离开了战场，这种威力就不复存在。
D.许慎《说文解字》根据后代的字形，误解了“王”字的结构，以为期中三横代表了天、地、人三者。
7.根据原文内容，下列推断不正确的一项是
A．孙诒让之所以未能释出“王”字，一个原因是刘鹗的《铁云藏龟》中所收“王”字字形单一，难以进行比较研究。
B.在罗振玉之前，由于未能释出甲骨文的“王”字，所以人们无法证实卜辞是三千年钱殿王室的遗物。
C.从甲骨文、金文看，最早时候军事首领的权利只限于战场上，不但荷马时代的希腊如此，中国也是如此。
D.甲骨文、金文距离许慎太遥远了，不然的话，许慎是可以释读出甲骨文的“王”字，并正确解释它的字形结构的。
三、（9分，每小题3分）
阅读下面的文言文，完成8～10题。
魏德深，本巨鹿人也。祖冲，仕周，为刑部大夫、建州刺史，因家弘农。父毗，郁林令。
德深初为隋文帝挽郎，后历冯翊书佐、武阳郡司户，书佐，以能迁贵乡长。为政清净，不严而肃。会兴辽东之役，征税百端，使人往来，责成郡县。于时王纲弛紊，吏多赃贿，所在征敛，人不堪命。唯德深一县，有无相通，不竭其力，所求皆给，而百姓不扰。于时盗贼群起，武阳诸城多被沦陷，唯贵乡独全。郡丞元宝藏受诏逐捕盗贼，每战不利，则器械必尽，辄征发于人，动以军法从事，如此者数矣。其邻城营造，皆聚于听事，吏人递相督责，昼夜喧嚣，犹不能济。德深各问其所欲，任随便修营，官府寂然，恒若无事。唯约束长吏，所修不须过胜余县，使百姓劳苦。然在下各自竭心，常为诸县之最。
寻转馆陶长，贵乡吏人闻之，相与言及其事，皆歔欷流涕，语不成声。及将赴任，倾城送之，号泣之声，道路不绝。既至馆陶，阖境老幼，皆如见其父母。有猾人员外郎赵君实，与郡丞元宝藏深相交结，前后令长，未有不受其指麾者。自德深至县，君实屏处于室，未尝辄敢出门。逃窜之徒，归来如市。贵乡父老，冒涉艰险，诣阙请留德深，有诏许之。馆陶父老，复诣郡相讼，以贵乡文书为诈。郡不能决。会持节使者韦霁、杜整等至，两县诣使讼之，乃断从贵乡。贵乡吏人，歌呼满道，互相称庆。馆陶众庶，合境悲泣，因从而居住者数百家。
宝藏深害其能。会越王侗征兵于郡，宝藏遂令德深率兵千人赴东都。俄而宝藏以武阳归李密。德深所领皆武阳人也，念其亲戚，辄出都门，东向恸哭而反。人或谓之曰：“李密兵马，近在金墉，去此二十余里。汝必欲归，谁能相禁，何为自苦如此！”其人皆垂泣曰：“我与魏明府同来，不忍弃去，岂以道路艰难乎！”其得人心如此。后没于阵，贵乡、馆陶人庶，至今怀之。
（节选自《北史魏德深传》）
8.对下列句子中加点的词的解释，不正确的是
A.为政清静，不严而肃 肃：恭敬。
B.会兴辽东之役 会：适逢。
C.所在征敛，人不堪命 堪：忍受
D.动之军法从事 动：招致
9.以下句子中，全都表明魏德深深受百姓拥戴的一组是
①常为诸县之最 ②皆歔欷流涕，语不成声
第三篇
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）
语 文
本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（综合题）两部分，共150分，考试用时150分钟。第Ⅰ卷1至5页，第Ⅱ卷6至11页。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷
注意事项：
1.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、科目涂写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。
2．每题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答在试卷上无效。高考资源网
3．本卷共11小题，每小题3分，共33分。
一、（12分）
1.下列词语中加点的字的读音，全都正确的一组是
A.揩（kāi）油 痉(jīng)挛 笑靥(yè) 物阜(fù)民安
B.泥(ní)古 诤(zhèng)友 蹊(qī)跷 羽扇纶(guān)巾
C.滂(pāng)沱 摈(bìng)弃 聒(guō)噪 悄(qiǎo)然无声
D.洞穴(xué) 糟粕(pò) 酝酿(niàng) 心广体胖(pán)
2.下列词语中没有错别字的一组是
A.雍容 经典 韬光养晦 筚路蓝缕，以起山林
B.安详 遐思 薪尽火传 二人同心，其利断金
C.跨越 振辐 秘而不宣 合抱之木，生于毫末
D.坐阵 砥砺 学以致用 壁立千仞，无欲则刚
3.下列各句横线处应填入的词语，最恰当的一组是
①对严复提出的“信、雅、达”的翻译标准，有学者 为：“信”是忠于原作，“达”是忠于读者，“雅”是对于文学语言的忠诚。
②走在大街上，天色微暗，行人稀少， 几片雪花飘落，更平添了几分寒意。
③“天生我材必有用”，这不是诗人 ，而是在怀才不遇的情况下，仍希望终有一日能大展宏图。
A.解释 偶然 妄自尊大
B.解读 偶然 夜郎自大
C.解释 偶尔 妄自尊大
D.解读 偶尔 夜郎自大
4.下列各句中没有语病且句意明确的一句是
A.90个有特殊编号的“奥运缶”在北京结束了网络竞价，以总价1283.65万元成交，每个缶的均价都超过了14万元。
B.尽管在刚过去的“五一”小长假里已经使出浑身解数大搞促销活动，各商家在母亲节档期里仍然力度不减，再次掀起促销波澜。
C.植物营养学就是研究如何通过施肥等措施提高作物产量、改善农产品品质的，因此植物营养不仅对粮食质量安全，而且对粮食数量安全至关重要。
D.学校能否形成良好的、有促进功能的校园文化，学习者能否真正适应并融入它，这对教学活动的有效开展起着重要作用。
二、（9分）
阅读下面的文字，完成5-7题。
居民健康问题已经成为国际社会与各国政府所关注的主要社会问题，实施基于居民健康的社会发展战略已成为推进社会和谐发展的重要措施，它不仅可以促进全社会的参与，统筹优先配置社会资源，而且可以协调政府和社会各部门只见 的责任与发展目标，还可以规范居民个人的生活行为，从分体现了与其他社会公共政策的互补性。
基于个人健康——健康社会——健康城市——健康国家的理念，建立由“个人健康”发展到“健康国家”的战略思想，这不仅构建了新的社会健康价值理念，而且立足于国家层面，为医疗卫生服务的发展明确了新的方向，也使卫生改革与发展的传统模式得以创新。
基于居民健康的国家发展战略，其核心是研究影响居民健康的决定因素以及改善居民健康状况所需要的政策及环境。这一战略是一个跨部门、与各项社会政策相关的发展战略，也是一种将健康决定因素与其相关政策有机结合起来的发展战略。它不仅建立了具体而明确的指标体系，而且具有比较准确可信的实证数据支持，并有与之配套的完整的评价与监督指标体系，这样不仅能够随时了解战略的实际进程，也能够不断纠正战略实施过程中所出现的偏差。
每个国家都是根据各自的国情，结合其医疗卫生服务体制的特点，以及居民健康状况的实际情况而制定其战略，并具有自己的特色。同时，各国的“健康国家”战略计划均为分阶段，逐步提升的发展进程，一般以10年为一个阶段。
“健康国家”战略是一个具有坚实科学背景的发展战略，它是基于公共卫生、流行病学、临床医学、卫生经济与卫生政策的学科，针对居民健康问题进行广泛研究，对居民健康发展高度关注的发展战略，也是不同政府部门和不同学科之间相互配合、共同研究、合作实施的高层次社会发展战略，这一战略以其充分的协调潜力而有助于改善居民的健康状况。
5．下列对“健康国家”发展战略的理解，不正确的一项是
A．“健康国家”发展战略的核心，是研究影响居民健康的决定因素以及改善居民健康状况所需要的政策及环境。
B．“健康国家”发展战略构建了新的社会健康价值理念，是对传统卫生改革与发展模式的突破。
C．“健康国家”发展战略是结合各自国家医疗卫生服务体制的特点，分阶段发展、逐步提升的。
D．“健康国家”发展战略是解决当今国际社会和各国政府所关注的居民健康问题的战略。
6．下列对本文有关内容的理解，正确的一项是
A.规范居民个人的生活行为，可以构建个人健康——健康社区——健康城市——健康国家的理念。
B.研究居民健康状况，能够随时了解“健康国家”发展战略的实际进程，不断纠正战略实施过程中出现的偏差。
C.实施基于居民健康的“健康国家”发展战略，需要协调各部门、各相关政策、各相关学科。
D.每个国家都在实施“健康国家”战略计划，并以10年为一个发展阶段。
7．根据本文提供的信息，下列推断不合理的一项是
A．以居民健康为基础的社会发展战略，要求从个人层面来考虑国家医疗卫生体系的发展方向。
B．建设“健康国家”是一个系统工程，是逐层递进、不断完善的发展过程，不会一蹴而就。
C．推行基于居民健康的社会发展战略，有利于提高全社会的健康意识，合理利用社会资源。
D．我们必须根据国情，从实际出发，实施具有中国特色的“健康国家”发展战略。
三、（12分）
阅读下面的文言文，完成8~11题。
于是鲁君乃不杀，遂生東缚而柙 [xiá,木笼]以予齐。
（节选自《管子•小匡》）
[注] 管夷吾，字仲，初事公子纠。齐国内乱，公子小白（桓公）奔莒，管夷吾随公子纠奔鲁。
8．对下列句子中加点的词的解释，不正确的一项是
A．君有加惠于其臣 加：增加
B．治国不失秉 秉：同“柄”，权柄
C．君若宥而反之 宥：宽恕
D．是君与寡君之贼比也 比：并列
9.下列句子中加点的词的意义和用法，相同的一组是
A.
B.
C.
D.
10.下列各项中每句话都体现管仲是治国之能臣的一组是
①夫管仲，民之父母也。
②将欲治其子，不可弃其父母。
③夷吾受之，则鲁能弱齐矣。
④夷吾事君吾二心。
⑤君若欲定宗庙，则亟请之。
⑥在楚则楚得意于天下，在晋则晋得意于天下。
A.①③⑤ B. ①④⑥
C.②③⑥ D. ②④⑤
11.下列对本文的理解和分析，不正确的一项是
A.鲍叔牙深知管仲才能出众，劝说齐桓公予以任用，并设巧计使管仲回到齐国。
B.鲁国的施伯识破了齐国的计谋，劝鲁候杀掉管仲，以绝后患，说明施伯很有远见。
C.鲍叔牙认为，如果齐桓公不及时迎回管仲，管仲必将为鲁国所重用，会削弱齐国的力量。
D.本文表现了鲍叔牙知人能让、举贤荐能的品德，同时也反映了齐桓公重视人才、善于纳谏。
四、（19分）
12.把文言文阅读材料中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。 （8分）
（1）若必治国家，则非臣之所能也，其唯管夷吾乎！
译文：________________________________________________________
第四篇
2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江西卷）
语文试题卷
第1卷（选择题 共36分）
一、（15分，每小题分）
1.下列词语中加点的字，读音全都正确的一组是
A．奇葩（pa） 刎（wen）颈之交 睥睨（ni） 猝（cu）不及防
B．瞻（zhan）仰 趑（zi）趄不前 莅（li）临 夙（su）兴夜寐
C．冻馁（nei） 暴殄（tian）天物 禅（chan）让 惴（zhui）惴不安
D．籼（xian）稻 残羹冷炙（zhi） 祓（ba）除 殒（yun）身不恤
2.依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是
①每年三月，全国人大代表和政协委员都聚集北京，共商_______。
②连学好母语都需要花大力气，下苦功夫，_______学习外语呢?
③这种偷梁换柱的行为对国人的诚信造成了负面影响，国人也因此觉得_______受损。
A．国是 况且 荣誉 B. 国事 何况 名誉
C．国是 何况 名誉 D. 国事 况且 荣誉
3.下列名句中加点的成语使用恰当的一句是
A．有人把那些只读书而不假思索的人称为“书橱”，也有人称这种人为“书虫”、“书迷”、“书呆子”。
B．这位先生关于近代欧洲文化的大作，几乎每一页都会有文字让我感到莫名的激动，以至情不自禁地拍案叫绝。
C．歹徒在向人勒索巨额钱款时猝死于作案现场，他一生恶贯满盈，真是死得其所。
D．他的讲演深入浅出、居高临下地阐述了青年的前途与国家现代化事业之间的关系，反响十分热烈。
4．下列各句中，没有语病的一句是
A．语文课堂其实就是微缩的社会言语交际场，学生在这里学习将来步入广阔社会所需要的言语交际本领与素养。
B．王夫人丧子后好不容易再次得子，无论从母性本能还是从自身权益出发，王夫人对宝玉都弥足珍贵。
C．几天前，他刚接待过包括省委书记在内的一批省市领导来到县里，专门调研返乡农民工问题。
D．现代科学技术发展日新月异，研究领域不断拓展；科学无禁区，不过并非没有科学伦理的规范。
5．依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句，衔接最恰当的一组是
在儒家传统中，孔孟总是形影相随，_______ ______ _______ ________
①既有《论语》，则有《孟子》。
②孔曰“成仁”，孟曰“取义”，他们的宗旨也始终相配合。
③今人冯友兰，也把孔子比作苏格拉底，把孟子比作柏拉图，
④《史记》说：“孟子序诗书，述仲尼之意。”
A．④②①③⑤ B. ①②④⑤③
C．①④②③⑤ D. ④①②⑤③
二、（9分，每小题3分）
阅读下面的文字，完成6—8题。
艺术是意造空中楼阁来慰情遣兴。诗人在做诗时的心理活动到底像什么样，我们最好拿一个艺术作品做实例。比如王昌龄的《长信怨》：“奉帚平明金殿开，暂将团扇共徘徊。玉颜不及寒鸦色，犹带昭阳日影来。”
王昌龄不曾留下记载，告诉我们他做诗时的心理历程。但是我们用心理学的帮助来从文字上分析，也可以想象大概。他做这首诗时必定使用了想象。
想象就是在心里唤起意象。想象有再现的，有创造的。一般的想象大半是再现的。艺术作品不能不用再现的想象。比如这首诗里“车帚”、 “金殿”、 “玉颜 ”、“寒鸦”、“日影”、“团扇”、 “徘徊”等等，在独立是都只是再现的想象，诗做出来总须旁人能读懂，懂得这是能够唤起以往的经验来印证，用以往的经验来印证新经验大半凭借再现的想象。
里中有数聚饮平事○1不得决者，相对咨嗟。卖酒者问曰：“诸君何为数聚饮相咨嗟也？”聚饮者曰：“吾侪保甲贷乙金，甲逾期不肯偿，将讼，讼则破家，事连吾侪，数姓人不得休矣！”卖酒者曰：“几何数？”曰：“子母○2四百金。”卖酒者曰：“何忧为？”立出四百金偿之，不责券○3。
客有橐重资于途，甚雪，不能行。闻卖酒者长者，趋寄宿。雪连日，卖酒者日呼客同博，以赢钱买酒肉相饮噉。客多负，私怏怏曰：“卖酒者乃不长者耶？然吾已负，且大饮噉，酬吾金也。”雪霁，客偿博所负行。卖酒者笑曰：“主人乃取客钱买酒肉耶？天寒甚，不名博，客将不肯大饮噉。”尽取所偿负还之。
术者谈五行○4，决卖酒者已死。将及期，置酒，召所买田舍主毕至，曰：“吾往买若田宅，若中心愿之乎？价毋亏乎？”欲赎者视券，价不足者，追偿以金。又召诸子贷者曰：“汝贷金若干，子母若干矣。”能偿者损其息，贫者立券还之，曰：“毋使我子孙患苦汝也！”及期，卖酒者大会戚友，沐棺更衣待死。卖酒者颜色阳阳如平时，戚友相候视，至夜分，乃散去。其后，卖酒者活更七年。
魏子曰：吾闻卖酒者好博，无事则与其三子终日博，喧争无家人礼。或问之，曰：“儿辈嬉，否则博他人家，败吾产矣。”嗟乎！卖酒者匪唯长者，抑亦智士哉！
选自（《魏叔子文集》，有删节）
注：○1平事：评议事情。○2子母：利息和本金。○3责券：求取借据。○4谈五行：以五行之术测算命运。
9．对下列句子中加点词语的解释，不正确的一项是
A．诸群何为数聚饮相咨嗟也 数：多次，屡次
B．事连吾侪 吾侪：我辈。
C．能偿者捐其息 捐：舍弃
D．贫者立券还之 立：订立
10．下列各组各组句子，加点的词的意义和用法不相同的一项是
A．何忧为 奚以之九万里而南为
B．客偿博所负 将以求吾所大数也
C．若中心愿之乎 非曰能之，原学焉
D．至夜分，乃散去 良乃人，具告沛公
11．下列各组句子中，全都表现卖酒者乐善好施的一组是
（1）辄家取瓶，更注酒，使持以归 （2）吾侪保甲贷乙金
（3）立出四百金偿之，不责券 （4）且大饮啖，酬吾金也
（2）尽取所偿负还之 （6）置酒，招所买田宅主毕至
A．（1）（3）（4） B. （2）（5）（6）
C．（1）（3）（5） D. （2）（4）（6）
12．下列对原文有关内容分析和概括，不正确的一项是
A．卖酒者凭借精湛的酿酒技术而致富，做生意时诚信厚道、热心助人，他的良好品格赢得了人们的广泛尊敬。
B．在酒店聚饮的乡里数姓人家，为甲、乙二人的借货官司所牵连，卖酒者急人所急，为乡亲仗义疏财，慷慨解中农囊。
C．在术者断决的死期将至之时，卖酒者神情自若地处理自己的后事，他尽量让利于债务人，使他们将来免受债务困扰，表现了良好的德行风范和心理素质。
D．本文构思新颖，不落俗套，作者没有差力叙述卖酒者如何经营谋生，发家致富，而是突出写他为人排忧解难，以表现他慷慨助人，乐善好施的长者风范。
四（24分）
13．把文言文阅读材料中画线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（10分）
（1）天寒甚，不名博，客将不肯大饮噉
（2）卖酒者大会戚友，沐棺更衣待死
（3）卖酒者匪唯长者，抑亦智士哉！
14，阅读下面这首诗，然后回答问题。（6）
喜外弟卢纶见宿①
司空曙
静夜四无邻，荒居旧业贫。
雨中黄叶树，灯下白头人。
以我独沉久，愧君相见频。
平生自有分，况是蔡家亲。
[注]蔡家亲：表亲。
第五篇
今年是2015年，也将是我高中生活的最后一年。
17岁，按理说应该朝气蓬勃，每天明媚，阳光满天。我喜欢黑夜，我喜欢在熄灯后的寝室，一个人，听歌，做梦。我算是一个有着梦想的人，我会早起晚归。会熬夜看书会用心思考。但会突然感到迷茫，迷茫我自己是否会有收获。星光湖畔，樟树林旁，留下了我一串一串用力踩踏的脚印。
我身边站着的并不是我最爱的人，但这似乎并不会影响我做梦。我会有想放弃的刹那，我不想再顶着黑眼圈去上课，却又不甘平庸。我骨子里爱争强好胜，一点的不如意会被我无限的放大。所以，我的笑脸，不太容易看得见。但我始终在坚持，说不清道不明，应该是因为我的同桌需要我帮她讲题，我的老师需要我上课回答问题，我的朋友需要我的陪伴。
那我到底是在为谁而活?我想，这并不重要，重要的是。我活着，而且，正在被需要着。父母的不理解，朋友的背叛，同学的闲言碎语。就像一把把锋利的匕首，刀刀命中要害。可是最后，我发现，彩虹是和着风雨一起，忽然出现。
我会遇见，每一个，需要我的人，每一个值得需要我的人。
第六篇
填报时间及内容
1、第一次填报时间为5月5日至18日，也就是考前填报。填报的内容为：
（1）零志愿：北京大学和清华大学（单独设置一张志愿表）；
（2）艺术类本科专业、体育类本科专业；
（3）被列入提前批招生的本科院校志愿（含公安、军事院校专科志愿）；
（4）本科第一批院校，可填报4所平行的院校志愿；
（5）本科第二批院校，可填报4所平行的院校志愿。
2、第二次填报时间为7月下旬，填报除公安、军事院校专科志愿以外的全部高职（专科）志愿。填报的内容为：
（1）艺术类高职（专科）专业、体育类高职（专科）专业志愿；
（2）被列为高职（专科）提前批招生的院校志愿；
（3）第三批的高职（专科）可填报平行的8所院校志愿。
在每所院校志愿中均设六个专业志愿，一个“愿否调剂”栏和一个“愿否走读”栏。“愿否调剂”是指考生若未被这所学校填报的专业录取，是否愿意接受该校其他未填报专业的调剂录取。调剂录取分成五档，填写“1”表示全愿意；“2”表示全不愿意；“3”表示除中外合作专业（收费高的专业）外其它愿意；“4”表示除医科外其他愿意；“5”表示除农科外其他愿意（注：3、4、5可以并列填写，只填数字，不填数字以外的其他符号）。空白不填的，作全不愿意调剂处理，录取时一律不予调剂。凡填写的，录取时不再征求考生意见。
第七篇
2009年上海市高考作文题:关于板桥体的材料作文
具体材料要求说明如下:
根据一下材料选取一个角度，自拟题目
【要求】①自选角度，自行立意。②除诗歌外，文体不限。③不少于800字。
郑板桥的书法，用隶书参以行楷，非隶非楷，非古非今，俗称“板桥体”。他的作品单个字体看似歪歪斜斜，但总体感觉错落有致，别有韵味，有人说“这种作品不可无一，不可有二”。
第八篇
急流跌宕险滩，潮汐遭遇暗礁，雄鹰卷进长风……造化注定给生命以灾难，没有坎坷坎坷的人生不能谓之完美充实的人生，而饱经磨炼愈挫愈勇的人才有机会飞上天空，拥抱云蒸霞蔚或是电闪雷鸣。
选择跨过人生的门坎，也就选择了一条勇敢无畏又布满挑战的人生之路。当我们面对人生的灾难时，应握紧拳头，对自己说："我必须要跨过这道坎，一定能。"
挚爱的丈夫不幸死去，这无异于晴天霹雳在李易安的头上炸响。从此再没有夫妻比翼双飞共修《金石录》，新婚时娇问丈夫画眉深浅的幸福时刻也一去不复返。面对人生这一道门坎，李清照没有化作明日黄花在西风中凄凄惨惨戚戚，而是凭着对另一扇翅膀的美好回忆，在人世间单翅翱翔。"大明湖畔，趵突泉边，故居在垂柳深处；漱玉集中，金石录里，文采有后主遗风。"李清照勇敢地跨过了这道坎，在飘零的南宋活出了一个顽强漂亮的易安居士。
"刚直不阿，留得正气冲霄汉；幽愁发愤，著成信史照尘寰。"每当读到这里，眼前总会浮现出一个目光炯炯坚毅果敢的伟男子形象。是放弃尊严还是放弃先父遗愿，在这个人生的门坎上，司马迁明白他必须勇敢跨过。他跨过了宫刑之痛，跨过了君王之恨，跨过了亲人之怨，用带着血的双手捧出了被鲁迅誉为"史家之绝唱，无韵之《离骚》"的《史记》。
面对人生的门坎，李清照和司马迁都勇敢地跨过。无论是夫君离去，国破家亡，还是尊严受辱，事业遇阻，他们都明白必须跨过这道坎，最后迎接他们的是人生的高峰。
作为新时代的我们，面对人生的坎坷，难道不应该从古人身上汲取到奋斗的力量吗？"必须跨过这道坎"应是我们永远铭记在心的誓言，成为人生永远不变的坐标。
跌落险滩，让我们在险滩后激起更绚丽的浪花；遭遇暗礁不要怕，让我们仍奔腾着流向大海；卷进长风不要怕，让我们在旋涡中奋勇挣扎，一定能重新翱翔在蔚蓝的天。
那么，面对人生的坎，让我们握紧拳头，笑着对天空说："必须跨过这道坎，才是真正的强者！" （高考满分作文）
第九篇
2016年上海卷高考英语试题(含答案)
资料概述与简介
绝密★启用前
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(上海卷)
英语试卷
考生注意：
考试时间120分钟, 试卷满分150分。
本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。试卷分为第I卷(第1-12页)和第II卷(第13页)，全卷共13页。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
答题前,务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反而清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷(共103分)
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. It is satisfactory. B. It is luxurious.
C. It is old-fashioned. D. It is disappointing.
2. A. On August 5th. B. On August 6th. C. On August 7th. D. On August 8th.
3. A. A waiter. B. A butcher. C. A porter. D. A farmer.
4. A. In a theatre. B. In a library. C. In a booking office. D. In a furniture store.
5. A. She expected to a better show. B. She could hardly find her seat.
C. She wasn’t interested in the show. D. She didn’t get a favourable seat.
6. A. The woman often eats out for breakfast. B. The cafeteria serves good breakfast.
C. The woman doesn’t have breakfast. D. The cafeteria doesn’t serve breakfast.
7. A. Selling cucumbers. B. Planting vegetables. C. Cooking a meal. D. Picking tomatoes.
8. A. The man should work hard. B. The man should turn down the job offer.
C. The man may have another chance. D. The man can apply for the job again.
9. A. It is a hot and smoggy day. B. There is a traffic jam on King Street.
C. A vehicle is polluting the air. D. The man is reading a report online.
10. A. Its ending is not good enough. B. Its special effects are not satisfying.
C. It deserves an award. D. It is good except for the scary part.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. $1. B. $2 C. $3 D. $ 52. 12. A. Pay the bills first. B. Spend 2% of the salary on living expenses. C. Deposit $1000 every month. D. Put part of the money in a savings account. 13. A. Methods of saving money. B. Saving money for family emergencies. C. The importance of saving money. D. Secrets of spending money wisely. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Free education. B. A sum of money. C. Donations from a local newspaper. D. Gifts from many people. 15. A. Let students in before school. B. Offer ice cream and coffee. C. Introduce a bank into the campus. D. Reduce the traffic jams around. 16. A. It lacks positive news. B. It should grow into a big city. C. It is a place worth living in. D. It remains peaceful and quiet.
Section C
Directions: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.
Class Diary (June 13-19)
SUN MON 17 for after-class activity application TUE WED Handing in three student 18 THU Basketball Club meeting
Time:12:45—1:30pm Place: The 19 FRI Filling in a form with up-to-date personal data
Time: 20 break Place: The computer room SAT
Blank 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.
Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Who is Sue Walter? She is 21 in court and a writer. What is Sue’s suggestion for people with difficulties? 22 In Sue’s eyes, what is the best part about her job? 23 in decision-making. What does Sue think happiness is? 24 II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form. of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
(A)
Bags of Love
Last year, I was assigned to work at an office near my mother’s house, so I stayed with her for a month. During that time, I helped out with the housework and contributed to the groceries.
After less than a week, I started noticing that the groceries were running out pretty quickly ?we were always suddenly out of something. (25)_______(wonder) how my mum could consume them so quickly, I began observing her daily routine for two weeks. To hmy surprise, I found that she would pack a paper bag full of canned goods and head out every morning at about nine. Eventually, I decided to follow her and (26)_______ happened truly amazed me. She was taking the food to the refugee camp, in (27)______ she distributed it to children.
I asked around and found out that my mum was very well known in the area. The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother. Then it hit me 梥hy would she mot want to tell me about what she (28)_____(do)? Was she worried about how I would react or that I would stop (29)_____(buy) the groceries if I found out?e
When she got home, I told her about my discovery. (30)_____ she could react, I gave her a big hug and told her she didn’t need to keep it a secret (31)______ me. She told me that some of the children lived with an older lady in a shelter while others slept on the streets. For years, my mum has been helping out by giving them whatever food she could spare. I was so impressed by (32)_____ selfless she was.
(B)
Stress: Good or Bad?
Stress used to be an almost unknown word, but now that we are used to talking about it, I have found that people are beginning to get stressed about being stressed.
In recent years, stress(33)______(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness. But like so many other things, it is only too much stress(34)______ does you harm. It is time you considered that if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve a little. If you are stuck at home with no stress, then your level of performance will be low. Up to a certain point, the more stress you are under, the (35)_____(good) your performance will be. Beyond a certain point, though , further stress will only lead to exhaustion, illness and finally a breakdown. You can tell when you are over the top and on the downward slope, by asking yourself (36)_______ number of questions. Do you, for instance, feel that too much is being expected of (37)______, and yet find it impossible to say no? Do you find yourself getting impatient of (38) _____(annoy) with people over unimportant things?... If the answer to all those questions is yes, you had better(39)______(control ) your stress, as you probably are under more stress than is good for you.
To some extent you can control the amount of stress in your life. Doctors have worked out a chart showing how much stress is involved in various events. Getting married is 50, pregnancy 40, moving house 20, Christmas 12,etc. If the total stress in your life is over 150, you are twice as likely (40)_______ (get )ill.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. account B. adjustable C. appliances D. capture E. decorations F. direct
G. experiment H. intended I. operated J. soulless K. squeeze Golden Rules of Good Design
What makes good design? Over the years, designers and artists have been trying to 41 the essentials of good design. They have found that some sayings can help people understand the ideas of good design. There are four as follows.
Less is more. This saying is associated with the German-born architect Mies van der Rohe. In his Modernist view, beauty lies in simplicity and elegance, and the aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through the most efficient means. Design should avoid unnecessary 42
More is not a bore. The American-born architect Robert Venturi concluded that if simplicity is done badly, the result is 43 design. Post-Modernist designers began to 44 with decoration and color again. Product design was heavily influenced by this view and can be seen in kitchen 45 such as ovens and kettles.
Fitness for purpose. Successful product design takes into consideration a product’s function, purpose, shape, form, color, and so on. The most important result for the user is that the product does what is 46 . For example, think of a(n) 47 desk lamp. It needs to be constructed from materials that will stand the heat of the lamp and regular adjustments by the user. It also needs to be stable. Most importantly, it needs to 48 light where it is needed.
From follows emotion. This phrase is associated with the German designer Hartmut Esslinger. He believes design must take into 49 the sensory side of our nature梥ight, smell, touch and taste. bThese are as important as rational(理性的). When choosing everyday products such as toothpaste, we appreciate a cool-looking device that allows us to easily 50 the toothpaste onto our brush.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
In the 1960s, Douglas McGregor, one of the key thinkers in the art of management, developed the mow famous Theory X and Theory Y. Theory X is the idea that people instinctively 51 work and will do anything to avoid it. Theory Y is the view that everyone has the potential to find satisfaction in work.
In any case, despite so much evidence to the 52 , many managers still agree to Theory X. They believe, 53 , that their employees need constant supervision if they are to work effectively, or that decisions must be imposed from 54 without consultation. This, of course, makes for authoritarian (专制的) managers.
Different cultures have different ways of 55 people. Unlike authoritarian management, some cultures, particularly in Asia, are well known for the consultative nature of decision-making梐ll members of the department or work group are asked to 56 to this process. This is management by the collective opinion. Many western companies have tried to imitate such Asian ways of doing things, which are bnased on general 57 . Some experts say that women will become more effective managers than men because they have the power to reach common goals in a way that traditional 58 managers cannot.
A recent trend has been to encourage employees to use their own initiative, to make decisions on their own without 59 managers first. This empowerment (授权) has been part of the trend towards downsizing: 60 the number of management layers in companies. After de-layering in this way, a company may be 61 with just a top level of senior managers, front-line managers and employees with direct contact with the public. Empowerment takes the idea of delegation (委托) much further than has 62 been the case. Empowerment and delegation mean new forms of management control to 63 that the overall business plan is being followed, and that operations become more profitable under the new organization, rather than less.
Another trend is off-site or 64 management, where teams of people linked by e-mail and the Internet work on projects from their own houses. Project managers evaluate the 65
of the team members in terms of what they produce for projects, rather than the amount of time they spend on them.
51. A. desire B. seek C. lose D. dislike
52. A. contrary B. expectation C. degree D. extreme
53. A. vice versa B. for example C. however D. otherwise
54. A. outside B. inside C. below D. above
55. A. replacing B. assessing C. managing D. encouraging
56. A. refer B. contribute C. object D. apply
57. A. agreement B. practice C. election D. impression
58. A. bossy B. experienced C. western D. male
59. A. asking B. training C. warning D. firing
60. A. doubling B. maintaining C. reducing D. estimating
61. A. honoured B. left C. crowded D. compared
62. A. economically B. traditionally C. inadequately D. occasionally
63. A. deny B. admit C. assume D. ensure
64. A. virtual B. ineffective C. day-to-day D. on-the-scene
65. A. opinion B. risk C. performance D. attractiveness
Section B
Direction：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished sattments. For each of them there are four choices markedA, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
One early morning, I went into the living room to find my mother reading a thick book called Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again. My interest was aroused only by the fact that the word “Poems” appeared in big, hot pink letters.
“Is it good?” I asked her.
“Yeah,” she answered. “There’s one I really like and you’ll like it, too.” I leaned forward.
“慞atty Poem,?r” she read the title. Who is Patty? I wondered. The poem began:
She never puts her toys away,
Just leaves them scattered① where they lay,… ①散乱的
The poem was just three short sections. The final one came quickly:
When she grows and gathers poise②, ②稳重
I’ll miss her harum-scarum③ noise, ③莽撞的
④ for scattered toys. ④徒劳地
’ll be sad.
A terrible sorrow washed over me. Whoever Patty was, she was a mean girl. Then, the shock.
“It’s you, honey,” My mother said sadly.
To my mother, the poem revealed a parent’s affection when her child grows up and leaves. To me, the “she” in the poem was horror. It was my mama who would be sad. It was so terrible I burst out crying.
“What’s wrong?” my mother asked.
“Oh Mama,” I cried. “I don’t want to grow up ever!”
She smiled. “Honey, it’s okay. You’re not growing up anytime soon. And when you do, I’ll still love you, okay?”
“Okay,” I was still weeping. My panic has gone. But I could not help thinking about that silly poem. After what seemed like a safe amount of time, I read the poem again and was confused. It all fit so well together, like a puzzle. The language was simple, so simple I could plainly understand its meaning, yet it was still beautiful. I was now fascinated by the idea of poetry, words that had the power to make or break a person’s world.
I have since fallen in love with other poems, but “Patty Poem” remains my poem. After all, “Patty Poem” gave me my love for poetry not because it was the poem that lifted my spirits, but because it was the one that hurt me the most.
66. Why was the writer attracted by the book Best Loved Poems to Read Again and Again?
A. It was a thick enough book.
B. Something on its cover caught her eye.
C. Her mother was reading it with interest.
D. It has a meaningful title.
67. After her mother read the poem to her, the writer felt ______ at first.
A. sad B. excited C. horrified D. confused
68. The writer’s mother liked to read “Patty Poem” probably because______.
A. it reflected her own childhood
B. it was written in simple language
C. it was composed by a famous poet
D. it gave her a hint of what would happen
69. It can be concluded from the passage that揚atty Poem攍eads the awriter to _______.
A. discover the power of poetry
B. recognize her love for puzzles
C. find her eagerness to grow up
D. experience great homesickness
(B)
Is there link between humans and climate change or not? This question was first studied in the early 1900s. Since then, many scientists have thought that our actions do make a difference. In 1997, the Kyoto Protocol explained our role in the Earth’s changing atmosphere and set international limits for gas emissions(排放) from 2008 to 2012. Some countries have decided to continue these reductions until 2020. More recently, the Paris Agreement, stuck by nearly 200 countries, also aims to limit global warming. But just now how much warmer it will get depends on how deeply countries cut carbon emissions.
3.5℃
This is how much temperatures would rise by 2100 even if nations live up to the initial Paris promises to reduce carbon emissions; this rise could still put coastal cities under water and drive over half of all species to extinction.
2℃
To meet this minimum goal, the Agreement requires countries to tighten emissions targets every five years. Even this increase could sink some islands, worse drought(干旱) and drive a decline of up to a third in the number of species.
1.5
This is the most ambitious goal for temperature rise set by the Paris Agreement, after a push by low-lying island nations like Kiribati, which say limiting temperature rise to 1.5℃ could save them from sinking.
0.8℃
This is how much temperatures have risen since the industrial age began, putting us 40% of the way to the 2℃ point.
0℃
The baseline here is average global temperature before the start of the industrial age.
70. It can be concluded from paragraph 1 that _______.
A. the problem of global warming will have been quite solved by 2020
B. gas emissions have been effectively reduced in developed countries
C. the Paris Agreements is more influential than the Kyoto Protocol
D. humans have made continuous efforts to slow down global warming
71. If nations could only keep the initial promises of the Paris Agreement, what would happen by the year 2100?
A. The human population would increase by one third.
B. Little over 50% of all species would still exist.
C. Nations would not need to tighten their emissions targets.
D. The Agreement’s minimum goal would not be reached.
72. If those island nations not far above sea level are to survive, the maximum temperature rise, since the start of the industrial age, should be_______.
A. 0.8℃ B. 1.5℃
C. 2℃ D. 3.5℃
(C)
Enough “meaningless drivel”. That’s the message from a group of members of the UK government who have been examining how social media firms like LinkedIn gather and use social media data.
The House of Commons Science and Technology Committee’s report, released last week, has blamed firms for making people sign up to long incomprehensible legal contracts and calls for an international standard or kitemark (认证标记) to identify sites that have clear terms and conditions.
“The term and conditions statement that we all carelessly agree to is meaningless drivel to anyone,” says Andrew Miller, the chair of the committee. Instead, he says, firms should provide a plain-English version of their terms. The simplified version would be checked by a third party and awarded a kitemark if it is an accurate reflection of the original.
It is not yet clear who would administer the scheme, but the UK government is looking at introducing it on a voluntary basis. “we need to think through how we make that work in practice,” says Miller.
Would we pay any more attention to a kitemark? “I think if you went and did the survey, people would like to think they would,” says Nigel Shadbolt at the University of Southampton, UK, who studies open data. “We do know people worry a lot about the inappropriate use of their information.” But what would happen in practice is another matter, he says.
Other organisations such as banks ask customers to sign long contracts they may not read or understand, but Miller believes social media requires special attention because it is so new. “We still don’t know how significant the long-term impact is going to be of unwise things that kids put on social media that come back and bite them in 20 years’ time,” he says.
Shadbolt, who gave evidence to the committee, says the problem is that we don’t know how companies will use our data because their business models and uses of data are still evolving. Large collections of personal information have become valuable only recently, he says.
The shock and anger when a social media firm does something with data that people don’t expect, even if users have apparently permission, show that the current situation isn’t working. If properly administered, a kitemark on terms and conditions could help people know what exactly they are signing up to. Although they would still have to actually read them.
73. What does the phrase “ meaningless drivel” in paragraphs 1 and 3 refer to?
A. Legal contracts that social media firms make people sign up to.
B. Warnings from the UK government against unsafe websites.
C. Guidelines on how to use social media websites properly.
D. Insignificant data collected by social media firms.
74. It can be inferred from the passage that Nigel Shadbolt doubts whether _______.
A. social media firms would conduct a survey on the kitemark scheme
B. people would pay as much attention to a kitemark as they think
C. a kitemark scheme would be workable on a nationwide scale
D. the kitemark would help companies develop their business models
75. Andrew Miller thinks social media needs more attention than banks mainly because _______.
A. their users consist largely of kids under 20 years old
B. the language in their contracts is usually harder to understand
C. the information they collected could become more valuable in future
D. it remains unknown how users’ data will be taken advantage of
76. The writer advises users of social media to _______.
A. think carefully before posting anything onto such websites
B. read the terms and conditions even if there is a kitemark
C. take no further action if they can find a kitemark
D. avoid providing too much personal information
77. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A. Say no to social media?
B. New security rules in operation?
C. Accept without reading?
D. Administration matters!
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
Walking will be banned on escalators as part of a trail designed ti reduce congestion(拥堵)’s busiest stations.
In the first move of its kind, all travelers will be forced to stand on both sides of escalators on the London Underground as part of a plan to increase capacity(容量) at the height of the rush hour.
A xix-month trial will be introduced at Holborn station from mid-April, eliminating the rule of standing on the right and walking on the left. The move, imitating a similar structure in Far eastern cities such as Hong Kong, is designed to increase the number of people using long escalators at the busiest times . it could be expanded across the Tube network in coming years.
According to London Underground, only 40 percent of travelers walk the full length of long escalators, leaving the majority at the bottom as they wait to get on to the “standing “side.
A three-week trial at Holborn last year found that the number of people using escalators at any time of could be raised by almost a third. Peter McNaught, operations director at London Underground, said: “It may not seem right that you can go quicker by standing still, but our experiments at Holborn have proved that it can be true. This new six-month trial will help us find out if we can influence customers to stand on both sides in the long term.”
Holborn has one of the longest sets of escalators on the Underground network at 23.4 high. Tube bosses claim that capacity was limited because so few people wanted to walk up梞eaning only one side was used at all times. Research has shown that it is moore effective use of escalators over 18.5 to ban walking.
The previous trial found that escalators at the station normally carried 2,500 people between 8:30am and 9:30am on a typical day, rising to 3,250 during the researching period.
In the new trial, which will be launched from April 18, one of three “up” escalators will be standing only, with a second banning walking at peak times. A third will remain a mix of walking and standing.
(Note: Answering the questions the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)
78. What is the existing problem with standing on the right and walking on the left?
79. What did last year’s three-week trial at Holborn station prove?
80.The research suggests that walking should be forbidden on escalators that are at least _________ in height.
81. In the new trail, in addition to one escalator banning walking in rush hours, the other “up” escalators will be used for_________________.
第II卷(共47分)
Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1.我真希望自己的文章有朝一日能见报。(hope)
2.二十世纪末中国经济迅速发展。(witness)
3.为买一双运动鞋而通宵排队有意义吗?(point)
4.虽然当时我年幼，不理解这部电影的含义，但我记得我的家人都感动得落泪了。(too…to…)
5.我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。(The moment…)
II. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120–150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是中华中学学生姚平，最近参加了一项研究性学习调研，课题为“父母是否以子女为荣”。通过调研你校学生及其父母，结果发现双方对此问题的看法有差异(数据如图所示)。根据图表写一份报告，在报告中，你必须：
描述调研数据;
分析可能导致这一结果的原因。
上海英语参考答案
第I卷
第一大题第1至第10小题，每题1分;第11至第16小题，每题2分;第17题至第24题，每题1分。共30分。
1.D 2. B 3.A 4.B 5.D 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.C 10.A
11.C 12.D 13.A 14.B 15.A 16.C
17.Deadline 18. photos 19.stadium 20. Lunch
21.a(famous) judge 22.Asking for help
23.Having a voice 24.Sharing (with others)
第二大题每小题1分。共26分。 25. Wondering 26. what 27. which 28. had done 29. buying
30. Before 31. from 32. how 33. has been regarded 34. that
35. better 36. a 37. you 38. annoyed 39. control
40. to get 41. D 42.E 43.J 44.G 45.C 46.H 47.B 48.F 49.A 50.K
第三大题第51至65小题，每题1分;第66至77小题，每题2分;第78至81小题，每题2分。共47分。 51. D 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. C 56. B 57. A 58. D 59. A 60. C 61. B 62. B 63. D 64. A 65. C 66. B 67. A 68. D 69. A 70. D 71. D 72. B 73. A 74. B 75. D 76. B 77. C
第II卷
第一大题第1至3小题，每题4分;第4至5小题，每题5分。共22分。 1. I really hope that my article will be published in a newspaper someday.
2. The late twentieth century witnessed the rapid development of China’s economy.
3. What is the point of/in lining up for the whole night just to buy a pair of sports shoes? / Is there any point (in) lining up for the whole night just to buy a pair of sports shoes?
4. Although I was then too young to understand the meaning of the film, I remember my family
were moved to tears.
5. The moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work, she was filled with joy. 第二大题共25分。
第十篇
拿起电话，拨完高考分数查询号码，几声嘀嗒声后，一个数字迅速传入我的耳中，一个"怎么会这么低"的问题开始反复地在脑海中盘旋……
"孩子，把电话挂上吧。"不知过了多久，一个再熟悉不过的声音将我从茫然之中拉回来。我将电话挂上，说了一句："妈妈，我出去买点东西。"之后，便头也不抬地出了门。因为我实在不敢正视那双眼睛，那双让我感到暖和，给我鼓励的眼睛。妈妈，对不起，我让您失望了，可我真的不是有意的，真的不是……正当我因对妈妈的愧疚而伤心时，一个熟悉的身影出现在不远处，原来是班主任老师。
我马上转身进了旁边的一个小店，因为我实在不想让一直关心我、照顾我、鼓励我的老师因我而失望，为此我只能逃避。
等到老师的身影在不远处消失后，我走上了一条僻静的小路，本以为躲过了妈妈，避过了老师，心中的那份愧疚感能稍微降低一些，可脑海中忽然闪现了高考前的一幕幕：为了算出一道难解的数学题一直到深夜还不休息；为了多背几个单词，几句名言警句，我天不亮就已起床……如此的付出就是为了让自己能在高考中实现自己的大学梦，可如今离高考录取线差了整整两分，如此的结果，对得起自己曾经的努力吗？
无尽的愧疚和失望让我在接下来的一个暑假中变得更加沉默，除了非凡情况，我几乎都把自己关在小屋里。手捧着一本一天也难得翻一页的书，以此来掩饰内心的苦楚。
……
漫长的暑假终于结束了，考上大学的同学已陆续去各自的大学报到；没有考上的同学也已报名到高考复习班，我该何去何从？难道就这样整日生活在愧疚和失望中？难道就这样放弃自己为之奋斗了十二年之久的大学梦？……无数的难道充斥在大脑中，一种不甘心的念头随之在内心生出，且逐渐变得明朗起来。
"孩子，虽然你这次失败了，可就为此而放弃你向往了那么久的大学梦，值吗？去复读吧，这道坎你肯定会跨过去的。"妈妈不知什么时候来到了我的身边，我回过头，接过妈妈手中一张复读班的报名表，"是你班主任送过来的，我们都支持你。"
"妈妈，我……我……我对不起你们！" (高考满分作文)
第十一篇
2016年上海高考专科录取工作8月6日至14日进行
2016上海高考专科录取时间如下：
8月6日—14日高职(专科)录取。
8月6日—7日高职(专科)艺体批、提前批同时录取。
8月7日晚上10:00公布高职(专科)艺体批、提前批录取结果。
8月9日晚上10:00公布高职(专科)普通批投档结果。
8月11日晚上10:00公布高职(专科)普通批录取结果。
8月12日上午9:00网上公布高职(专科)普通批招生院校缺额计划数及线上未录取考生频数表。 12日下午1:00起至13日下午1:00资格线上未录取考生通过“上海招考热线”网站填报高职(专科)征求志愿。
8月14日晚上10:00公布高职(专科)征求志愿录取结果。 录取工作全部结束。
8月22日—26日被录取的考生领取个人档案自带到高校(应届生到毕业中学，往届生到区县招办)。
第十二篇
说到底，“被需要”的心态与他人是否需要自己无关，它更像一种自我满足。换言之，“认为自己被需要”的心态是第一要件。
如果我们认清现实，我们就会发现，没有人是不可或缺的。当人成为社会性动物的同时，人个体的稀缺性与不可替代性就烟消云散了。我们常鼓吹劳动人民是伟大的，但劳动人民中的任一个体的伟大则无从谈起。道理很简单：你不特别。从社会角度来看，你我都不过是摆在橱柜上的商品，待人选购，二十年，或许三十年，等到价值消耗殆尽之后，就像由机械驱动的巨兽前行过程中掉下的零件一般，稀里哗啦，粉身碎骨。
当然，这件事情，你我是不知道的。
如果在社交圈的角度下看呢？很遗憾，个体的稀缺性或许上升了，但只要你没有“屈尊”于与自身极不相符的圈子里，你仍然没有什么大不了的。而倘使你果真如此，请仔细想想至今为此的生活，你是被需要的多呢？还是被利用的多呢？这两个词，所代表的情感意义总是不一样的吧？
所以我们在大多数情况下，都很少真正“被需要”。但我们又是极需要被赋予存在价值的生物，因此，自欺欺人就是最好的手段了。
读到这里，你一定会感觉嗤之以鼻吧。你一定认为自己不是这样的人。
你当然不是。你就这样告诉自己好了。
接下来是我的自言自语，请你千万别在意。
假如，哦，我只是说假如。
你是否想象过自己是白马王子，一路披荆斩棘，去吻醒命中注定的她？
你是否想象过自己在关键时刻能够力挽狂澜，赢得大家的瞩目？
你是否想象过自己像英雄一般牺牲，身留功与名？
或者换个现实点的命题好了。
你是否曾认为你重视的人能够同样重视你，甚至奉你为神明？
你是否曾把锦上添花错当雪中送炭，志得意满？
你是否曾自以为是得对他人说“不客气”或“这是我应该做的”？
哦，亲爱的读者，这是假设中的假设。
你，是否，曾认为，你的一举一动，能够，改变世界呢？
遍历过真正的社会后，大人们或许都不会这么想了。但请相信我，只要我们还活着，渴望被需要的缺口一直会存在。
于是，请忘记这篇文章，我亲爱的读者，明天又将是崭新的一天。生命不息，自欺不止，你自我欺骗地越多，你就会越发幸福与快乐。
看看我们的前辈，阿Q与堂吉诃德。他们成功地用自我意识捕获了整个世界。到这种境界，再伟大的圣人也会为之慨叹吧：
“蠢货。”
第十三篇
2017年上海所属高校普通高等教育招生计划113980人
教育部近日公布《关于做好2017年普通高等教育招生计划编制和管理工作的通知》，对2017年高等教育招生计划管理工作进行部署。根据通知中发布的2017编报高考招生计划，2017年上海高考计划招生113980人，其中本科计划57880人，高职专科56100人。教育部要求，确保各地高考录取率不能降低。
